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Central Nervous System Tissue Engineering - Current Considerations and Strategies (Paperback)
Loot Price: R874
Discovery Miles 8 740
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Central Nervous System Tissue Engineering - Current Considerations and Strategies (Paperback)
Series: Synthesis Lectures on Tissue Engineering
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Combating neural degeneration from injury or disease is extremely
difficult in the brain and spinal cord, i.e. central nervous system
(CNS). Unlike the peripheral nerves, CNS neurons are bombarded by
physical and chemical restrictions that prevent proper healing and
restoration of function. The CNS is vital to bodily function, and
loss of any part of it can severely and permanently alter a
person's quality of life. Tissue engineering could offer much
needed solutions to regenerate or replace damaged CNS tissue. This
review will discuss current CNS tissue engineering approaches
integrating scaffolds, cells and stimulation techniques. Hydrogels
are commonly used CNS tissue engineering scaffolds to stimulate and
enhance regeneration, but fiber meshes and other porous structures
show specific utility depending on application. CNS relevant cell
sources have focused on implantation of exogenous cells or
stimulation of endogenous populations. Somatic cells of the CNS are
rarely utilized for tissue engineering; however, glial cells of the
peripheral nervous system (PNS) may be used to myelinate and
protect spinal cord damage. Pluripotent and multipotent stem cells
offer alternative cell sources due to continuing advancements in
identification and differentiation of these cells. Finally,
physical, chemical, and electrical guidance cues are extremely
important to neural cells, serving important roles in development
and adulthood. These guidance cues are being integrated into tissue
engineering approaches. Of particular interest is the inclusion of
cues to guide stem cells to differentiate into CNS cell types, as
well to guide neuron targeting. This review should provide the
reader with a broad understanding of CNS tissue engineering
challenges and tactics, with the goal of fostering the future
development of biologically inspired designs.Table of Contents:
Introduction / Anatomy of the CNS and Progression of Neurological
Damage / Biomaterials for Scaffold Preparation / Cell Sources for
CNS TE / Stimulation and Guidance / Concluding Remarks
General
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