The increasingly stringent limitations on emission levels imply
more narrow tolerances of operations, such that diesel engines have
to be continuously monitored in order to ensure the optimality of
the operating conditions. For this purpose, the knowledge of the
engine outputs is a fundamental prerequisite. This knowledge could
be gained either with real sensors or with virtual ones, i.e., with
real-time mathematical models. Currently, the only engine-output
sensors commercially available are those for measuring Lambda and
the NOx concentration level. The aim of this work is thus to
explore the possibilities given by the aforementioned engine-
output sensors for the detection and isolation of faults in the air
and fuel paths of diesel engines. To achieve this objective a
model-based strategy is pursued. First, a mathematical model of the
engine is developed. Successively, control-oriented models for the
real-time computation of the Lambda value and the NOx concentration
are derived from the detailed combustion model. Finally, on the
basis of the control-oriented models developed, the fault detection
and isolation system is realized.
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