Carbonate mounds are an important feature along the European
North-Atlantic margins. The presence of giant carbonate mounds in
the Porcupine Seabight, on the Porcupine Bank, in the Rockall
Trough and on the Rockall Bank, west of Ireland, have been known
since the nineties and have been the target of several cruises
during the last decade. However, the processes of mound build-up
and mound nucleation are not yet completely understood. What keeps
a mound growing over extended time periods? How does the biosphere
interact with sedimentary fluxes to make a mound grow? On which
level do palaeoclimatological and palaeoceanographic changes
control mound growth? Which diagenetic processes play an important
role in carbonate mound generation and how do they affect the
mound?
The present study focuses on the nature and significance of the
carbonate mound record, and the nature and internal structure of
one specific carbonate mound, the Challenger Mound, is described in
detail and compared with other mounds from the Irish margin and
also with those from the Moroccan margin. The variety of mound
characteristics are discussed, along with the associated
oceanographic and geological settings and an appropriate
classification for recent carbonate mound systems and cold-water
coral reefs is presented. Video imagery through Remotely Operated
Vehicle (ROV) surveys, provide images of the surface of different
carbonate mounds to highlight morphological characteristics of the
mounds.
The role of recent carbonate mounds, such as Challenger Mound,
in the global carbonate budget is discussed along with inferences
on how recent carbonate mounds can be seen as analogues of ancient
mud mound systems.
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