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Plant Biology and Biotechnology - Volume I: Plant Diversity, Organization, Function and Improvement (Hardcover, 1st ed. 2015)
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Plant Biology and Biotechnology - Volume I: Plant Diversity, Organization, Function and Improvement (Hardcover, 1st ed. 2015)
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This volume offers a much-needed compilation of essential reviews
on diverse aspects of plant biology, written by eminent botanists.
These reviews effectively cover a wide range of aspects of plant
biology that have contemporary relevance. At the same time they
integrate classical morphology with molecular biology, physiology
with pattern formation, growth with genomics, development with
morphogenesis, and classical crop-improvement techniques with
modern breeding methodologies. Classical botany has been
transformed into cutting-edge plant biology, thus providing the
theoretical basis for plant biotechnology. It goes without saying
that biotechnology has emerged as a powerful discipline of Biology
in the last three decades. Biotechnological tools, techniques and
information, used in combination with appropriate planning and
execution, have already contributed significantly to economic
growth and development. It is estimated that in the next decade or
two, products and processes made possible by biotechnology will
account for over 60% of worldwide commerce and output. There is,
therefore, a need to arrive at a general understanding and common
approach to issues related to the nature, possession, conservation
and use of biodiversity, as it provides the raw material for
biotechnology. More than 90% of the total requirements for the
biotechnology industry are contributed by plants and microbes, in
terms of goods and services. There are however substantial plant
and microbial resources that are waiting for biotechnological
exploitation in the near future through effective bioprospection.
In order to exploit plants and microbes for their useful products
and processes, we need to first understand their basic structure,
organization, growth and development, cellular process and overall
biology. We also need to identify and develop strategies to improve
the productivity of plants. In view of the above, in this
two-volume book on plant biology and biotechnology, the first
volume is devoted to various aspects of plant biology and crop
improvement. It includes 33 chapters contributed by 50 researchers,
each of which is an expert in his/her own field of research. The
book begins with an introductory chapter that gives a lucid account
on the past, present and future of plant biology, thereby providing
a perfect historical foundation for the chapters that follow. Four
chapters are devoted to details on the structural and developmental
aspects of the structures of plants and their principal organs.
These chapters provide the molecular biological basis for the
regulation of morphogenesis of the form of plants and their organs,
involving control at the cellular and tissue levels. Details on
biodiversity, the basic raw material for biotechnology, are
discussed in a separate chapter, in which emphasis is placed on the
genetic, species and ecosystem diversities and their conservation.
Since fungi and other microbes form an important component of the
overall biodiversity, special attention is paid to the treatment of
fungi and other microbes in this volume. Four chapters respectively
deal with an overview of fungi, arbuscularmycorrhizae and their
relation to the sustenance of plant wealth, diversity and practical
applications of mushrooms, and lichens (associated with a
photobiont). Microbial endosymbionts associated with plants and
phosphate solubilizing microbes in the rhizosphere of plants are
exhaustively treated in two separate chapters. The reproductive
strategies of bryophytes and an overview on Cycads form the subject
matter of another two chapters, thus fulfilling the need to deal
with the non-flowering Embryophyte group of plants. Angiosperms,
the most important group of plants from a biotechnological
perspective, are examined exhaustively in this volume. The chapters
on angiosperms provide an overview and cover the genetic basis of
flowers development, pre-and post-fertilization reproductive growth
and development, seed biology and technology, plant secondary
metabolism, photosynthesis, and plant volatile chemicals. A special
effort has been made to include important topics on crop
improvement in this volume. The importance of pollination services,
apomixes, male sterility, induced mutations, polyploidy and climate
changes is discussed, each in a separate chapter.
Microalgalnutra-pharmaceuticals, vegetable-oil-based nutraceuticals
and the importance of alien crop resources and underutilized crops
for food and nutritional security form the topics of three other
chapters in this volume. There is also a special chapter on the
applications of remote sensing in the plant sciences, which also
provides information on biodiversity distribution. The editors of
this volume believe the wide range of basic topics on plant biology
that have great relevance in biotechnology covered will be of great
interest to students, researchers and teachers of botany and plant
biotechnology alike.
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