An examination of the uses of data within a changing knowledge
infrastructure, offering analysis and case studies from the
sciences, social sciences, and humanities. "Big Data" is on the
covers of Science, Nature, the Economist, and Wired magazines, on
the front pages of the Wall Street Journal and the New York Times.
But despite the media hyperbole, as Christine Borgman points out in
this examination of data and scholarly research, having the right
data is usually better than having more data; little data can be
just as valuable as big data. In many cases, there are no
data-because relevant data don't exist, cannot be found, or are not
available. Moreover, data sharing is difficult, incentives to do so
are minimal, and data practices vary widely across disciplines.
Borgman, an often-cited authority on scholarly communication,
argues that data have no value or meaning in isolation; they exist
within a knowledge infrastructure-an ecology of people, practices,
technologies, institutions, material objects, and relationships.
After laying out the premises of her investigation-six
"provocations" meant to inspire discussion about the uses of data
in scholarship-Borgman offers case studies of data practices in the
sciences, the social sciences, and the humanities, and then
considers the implications of her findings for scholarly practice
and research policy. To manage and exploit data over the long term,
Borgman argues, requires massive investment in knowledge
infrastructures; at stake is the future of scholarship.
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