This book offers valuable new insights into the design of
culturally-aware systems. In its first part, it is devoted to
presenting selected Culturally-Aware Intelligent Systems devised in
the field of Artificial Intelligence and its second part consists
of two sub-parts that offer a source of inspiration for building
modelizations of Culture and of its influence on the human mind and
behavior, to be used in new Culturally-Aware Intelligent Systems.
Those sub-parts present the results of experiments conducted in two
fields that study Culture and its influence on the human mind's
functions: Cultural Neuroscience and Cross-Cultural Psychology. In
this era of globalization, people from different countries and
cultures have the opportunity to interact directly or indirectly in
a wide variety of contexts. Despite differences in their ways of
thinking and reasoning, their behaviors, their values, lifestyles,
customs and habits, languages, religions - in a word, their
cultures - they must be able to collaborate on projects, to
understand each other's views, to communicate in such a way that
they don't offend each other, to anticipate the effects of their
actions on others, and so on. As such, it is of primary importance
to understand how culture affects people's mental activities, such
as perception, interpretation, reasoning, emotion and behavior, in
order to anticipate possible misunderstandings due to differences
in handling the same situation, and to try and resolve them.
Artificial Intelligence, and more specifically, the field of
Intelligent Systems design, aims at building systems that mimic the
behavior of human beings in order to complete tasks more
efficiently than humans could by themselves. Consequently, in the
last decade, experts and scholars in the field of Intelligent
Systems have been increasingly tackling the notion of cultural
awareness. A Culturally-Aware Intelligent System can be defined as
a system where Culture-related or, more generally, socio-cultural
information is modeled and used to design the human-machine
interface, or to provide support with the task carried out by the
system, be it reasoning, simulation or any other task involving
cultural knowledge.
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