Historically, agriculture has been crucial to Pakistan's economic
growth and development and remains so even today. The sector
employs almost half of the country's labor force, supplies key
inputs to the country's manufacturing sector, generates a
significant share of export earnings, and nourishes a rapidly
growing population. Further, beyond agriculture is the wider rural
economy, including nonfarm economic activities such as small
enterprises, transport services, village retail shops, local
schools, and clinics, all of which account for an estimated 40 to
57 percent of total rural household income. Given the importance of
these rural activities, the slow growth of agriculture in recent
years-averaging just 2.8 percent during the period 2010-2014-should
be a source of concern for Pakistan. Can the country's agricultural
sector and rural economy once again play a significant role in
growth and development? Can it contribute to poverty reduction?
Agriculture and the Rural Economy in Pakistan: Issues, Outlooks,
and Policy Priorities seeks to answer these questions by examining
the performance of both agriculture and the rural economy. The
authors identify several measures that can promote agricultural
productivity growth as well as wider economic and social
development. These include increasing the efficiency of water use
in the Indus river basin irrigation system, especially in the face
of climate change; reforming policies and regulations that govern
markets for agricultural inputs and commodities; and improving the
provision of rural public services for health, education, women's
empowerment, and community development. The analyses and
conclusions in Agriculture and the Rural Economy in Pakistan will
be of use to policy makers, development specialists, and others
concerned with Pakistan's development. Contributors: Madiha Afzal,
Nuzhat Ahmad, Faryal Ahmed, Mubarik Ali, Shujat Ali, Elena Briones
Alonso, Hira Channa, Stephen Davies, Paul Dorosh, Gisselle Gajate
Garrido, Arthur Gueneau, Madeeha Hameed, Brian Holtemeyer, Huma
Khan, Katrina Kosec, Mehrab Malek, Sohail J. Malik, Shuaib Malik,
Amina Mehmood, Dawit Mekonnen, Hina Nazli, Sara Rafi, Muhammad
Ahsan Rana, Abdul Wajid Rana, Danielle Resnick, Khalid Riaz, Abdul
Salam, Emily Schmidt, Asma Shahzad, David J. Spielman, James
Thurlow, Ahmad Waqas, Edward Whitney, Fatima Zaidi.
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