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State of a Union. The Half Century of Cameroon's Bicultural Experience (Paperback)
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State of a Union. The Half Century of Cameroon's Bicultural Experience (Paperback)
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The bicultural polity of Cameroon has become problematic over the
years. In addition to the increasing marginalization experienced by
its English speaking component in many domains (politics,
administration, economy, culture), it is facing mounting inequality
and disarray despite the nation-building aspirations at
reunification in 1961. This book examines the very basis of the
union crisis by tracing the causes to the asymmetrical nature of
negotiations between the contracting partners - the founding
fathers of the union - and the politics of guile and force that has
characterized the regimes in Yaound . From a federal model that
takes the equality of the contracting parties as a given, the
polity has developed into an ethno-regional patchwork designed by
its architects to be essentially unequal in nature. Consequently,
the segmented Anglophone community can exist only in contradiction
within itself. They have been worked into the regime's statecraft
of consciously maintaining or re-activating ethnic boundaries
inherited from colonialism. An analysis of the cultural and
linguistic dimension of the union shows contrasting drives between
the assimilation/attempts to dominate by the French-speaking
component and resistance by Anglophones. The analyses further show
the projected harmonization and rollback by the State, the creative
blends and the crystallization around continuing or reproduced
colonial experiences, a fierce competition between elites with a
drive to impose the culture of the demographically dominant and a
refusal to accept the idea of a linguistic minority. The
contentious experience, Yenshu Vubo argues, can still be remedied
by reforms in a politics of possibilities. These reforms must be
ready to re-examine the constitutional basis of the union by
revisiting the often dismissed question of the form of the state
defined as "one and indivisible" (a new federal architecture as
requested by several political voices). Institutions should be
restructured to attend to diversity issues and essential linguistic
differences while consolidating any strategic gains of the union
such as the creative blends and the acceptance of specificities of
each community, statutory equality of citizenship and the essential
clauses of the first federation.
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