Barcelona has existed as a settlement for two millennia. Early
civilizations shaped the city before it achieved, in the Middle
Ages and Renaissance, global power as a trading metropolis and
empire capital. After a long struggle with the unifying Spanish
state, the city revived, in the eighteenth and nineteenth
centuries, as an industrial and commercial powerhouse. It became a
center of culture, ornamented by modern planning and wondrous works
by Gaudi and others. Barcelona became known as "The Rose of Fire"
home to revolutionaries and anarchists. Creativity and conflict
continued to shape Barcelona in the twentieth century, as its
citizens faced the Spanish Republic, Civil War and Franco's
dictatorship. Linking social and cultural currents to the rich
architectural and experiential heritage of this multi-layered city,
McDonogh and Martinez-Rigol reveal Barcelona's hidden history to
modern-day visitors and residents alike.
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