In the 1960s and 1970s, El Salvador's reigning military regime
instituted a series of reforms that sought to modernize the country
and undermine ideological radicalism, the most ambitious of which
was an education initiative. It was multifaceted, but its most
controversial component was the use of televisions in classrooms.
Launched in 1968 and lasting until the eve of civil war in the late
1970s, the reform resulted in students receiving instruction
through programs broadcast from the capital city of San Salvador.
The Salvadoran teachers' union opposed the content and the method
of the reform and launched two massive strikes. The military regime
answered with repressive violence, further alienating educators and
pushing many of them into guerrilla fronts. In this thoughtful
collaborative study, the authors examine the processes by which
education reform became entwined in debates over theories of
modernization and the politics of anticommunism. Further analysis
examines how the movement pushed the country into the type of
brutal infighting that was taking place throughout the third world
as the U.S. and U.S.S.R. struggled to impose their political
philosophies on developing countries.
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