Almost a decade ago, Alvin Plantinga articulated his bold and
controversial "evolutionary argument against naturalism." This
intriguing line of argument raises issues of importance to
epistemologists and to philosophers of mind, of religion, and of
science. In this, the first book to address the ongoing debate,
Plantinga presents his influential thesis and responds to critiques
by distinguished philosophers from a variety of subfields.
Plantinga's argument is aimed at metaphysical naturalism, or
roughly, the view that no supernatural beings exist. Naturalism is
typically conjoined with evolution as an explanation of the
existence and diversity of life. Plantinga's claim is that one who
holds to the truth of both naturalism and evolution is irrational
in doing so. More specifically, because the probability that
unguided evolution would have produced reliable cognitive faculties
is either low or inscrutable, one who holds both naturalism and
evolution acquires a "defeater" for every belief he/she holds,
including the beliefs associated with naturalism and evolution.
Following Plantinga's brief summary of his thesis are eleven
original pieces by his critics. The book concludes with a new essay
by Plantinga in which he defends and extends his view that
metaphysical naturalism is self-defeating.
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