This fourth volume of the Presidential Series of The Papers of
James Madison covers events in James Madison's first administration
between 5 November 1811 and 9 July 1812, corresponding almost
exactly with the duration of the first session of the Twelfth
Congress. Madison's two most important presidential decisions
buttress this volume: his advocacy of preparedness in November 1811
and his request in June 1812 that Congress consider his case for
war against Great Britain.
The documents from the intervening months chart the difficulties
of the path to war. On the diplomatic front Madison worked to
clarify French policy toward neutrals, while also disavowing George
Mathews's activities in East Florida to prevent an alliance between
Great Britain and Spain.
On the domestic front divided opinions over war are revealed in
addresses from citizens and state legislatures. Madison planned
offensive operations against Canada with his generals but
experienced difficulties with army recruitment and staff
appointments. He also imposed an embargo on shipping and endured
threats to his renomination for a second term. Finally Madison
delivered his "war message" to Congress in June 1812, accusing
Great Britain of an accumulation of grievances that stretched back
to 1803.
The volume also includes a supplement of forty-five items of
newly discovered material from March 1809 to October 1811.
General
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