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The Greatest of All Leathernecks - John Archer Lejeune and the Making of the Modern Marine Corps (Hardcover)
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The Greatest of All Leathernecks - John Archer Lejeune and the Making of the Modern Marine Corps (Hardcover)
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Joseph Arthur Simon's The Greatest of All Leathernecks is the first
comprehensive biography of John Archer Lejeune (1867- 1942), a
Louisiana native and the most innovative and influential leader of
the United States Marine Corps in the twentieth century. As
commandant of the Marine Corps from 1920 to 1929, Lejeune
reorganized, revitalized, and modernized the force by developing
its new and permanent mission of amphibious assault. Before that
transformation, the corps was a constabulary infantry force used
mainly to protect American business interests in the Caribbean, a
mission that did not place it as a significant contributor to the
United States defense establishment. The son of a plantation owner
from Pointe Coupee Parish, Lejeune enrolled at Louisiana State
University in 1881, aged fourteen. Three years later, he entered
the U.S. Naval Academy, afterward serving for two years at sea as a
midshipman. In 1890, he transferred to the Marines, where he
ascended quickly in rank. During the Spanish-American War, Lejeune
commanded and landed Marines at San Juan, Puerto Rico, to rescue
American sympathizers who had been attacked by Spanish troops. A
few years later, he arrived with a battalion of Marines at the
Isthmus of Panama- part of Colombia at the time- securing it for
Panama and making possible the construction of the Panama Canal by
the United States. He went on to lead Marine expeditions to Cuba
and Veracruz, Mexico. During World War I, Lejeune was promoted to
major general and given command of an entire U.S. Army division.
After the war, Lejeune became commandant of the Marine Corps, a
role he used to develop its new mission of amphibious assault,
transforming the corps from an ancillary component of the U.S.
military into a vibrant and essential branch. He also created the
Marine Corps Reserve, oversaw the corps's initial use of aviation,
and founded the Marine Corps Schools, the intellectual planning
center of the corps that currently exists as the Marine Corps
University. As Simon masterfully illustrates, the mission and value
of the corps today spring largely from the efforts and vision of
Lejeune.
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