For modeling the transport of carriers in nanoscale devices, a
Green-function formalism is the most accurate approach. Due to the
complexity of the formalism, one should have a deep understanding
of the underlying principles and use smart approximations and
numerical methods for solving the kinetic equations at a reasonable
computational time.
In this book the required concepts from quantum and statistical
mechanics and numerical methods for calculating Green functions are
presented. The Green function is studied in detail for systems both
under equilibrium and under nonequilibrium conditions. Because the
formalism enables rigorous modeling of different scattering
mechanisms in terms of self-energies, but an exact evaluation of
self-energies for realistic systems is not possible, their
approximation and inclusion in the quantum kinetic equations of the
Green functions are elaborated. All the elements of the kinetic
equations, which are the device Hamiltonian, contact self-energies
and scattering self-energies, are examined and efficient methods
for their evaluation are explained. Finally, the application of
these methods to study novel electronic devices such as nanotubes,
graphene, Si-nanowires and low-dimensional thermoelectric devices
and photodetectors are discussed.
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