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Books > Business & Economics > Industry & industrial studies > Energy industries & utilities > Coal & solid fuel industries
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U.S. Coal - A Primer on the Major Issues (Paperback, Illustrated Ed)
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U.S. Coal - A Primer on the Major Issues (Paperback, Illustrated Ed)
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The US coal industry has gone through a number of gradual shifts in
recent decades. The industry has become more concentrated, and mine
productivity has improved. More low-sulphur coal and less high
sulphur coal is today being produced. Less coal is exported, in
part because of a strong US dollar. Improved production methods,
such as greater utilisation of and improvements in longwall mining
technology, have lowered the cost of underground mining, although
surface mining continues to hold a substantial cost advantage. The
United States is well endowed with coal. The total demonstrated
resource base is estimated by the Energy Information Administration
(EIA) at 508 billion short tons, of which about 274 billion short
tons are classified as recoverable reserves. US recoverable
reserves are estimated at 25% of total world reserves. Production
of US coal reached an all-time high in 2001 at 1,121 million short
tons. Coal supplies 22% of the nation's energy demand but 52% of
its electricity needs. EIA forecasts coal to fall to 47% of the US
electricity market by 2025 because of increased competition from
natural gas. About 1,063 million short tons of coal were consumed
in the United States in 2001, 90% of which was used in the electric
power sector. Currently, railroads move about 65% of all coal,
barges transport about 15%, and trucks about 11%. The outlook for
US coal is mixed. While forecasts predict steady growth in coal
supply and demand, the increased production is expected to come
from fewer, larger mines and fewer producers. Continued competition
from natural gas is likely to put pressure on coal prices for the
foreseeable future.
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