Philosophy in the Indian tradition is often believed to be
essentially religious in character. Even schools like Nyaya and
Buddhism correlate their logic and epistemology with a transcendent
religious goal. Yet, there exists a purely secular and rational
exercise within the Indian philosophical traditionsthe
Lokayata/Carvaka school of philosophy. Owing to a lack of
substantial literary sources, Lokayata has received only scant
attention from scholars till now. This book is the first attempt to
examine the philosophical energies inherent in the scattered
Lokayata/Carvaka literature. Through a critical analysis firmly
grounded in textual evidence, the author presents a systematic
philosophical development of the pluralistic interpretation of this
school. Claiming that the diversity in the Lokayata school is
greater and much more complex than generally imagined, the book
explores the cognitive scepticism of Jayarasi, the extreme
empiricism popularly attributed to Carvaka, and the mitigated
empiricism in its two versions: positivist and
common-sense-oriented. It discusses these in a wider philosophical
perspective in terms of their implications and their Western
parallels.
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