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The Binocular Ophthalmoscope - Its origin and development (Hardcover)
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Discovery Miles 9 450
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The Binocular Ophthalmoscope - Its origin and development (Hardcover)
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The Binocular Ophthalmoscope is a chronological history of an
instrument used by ophthalmologists and optometrists to examine
binocularly the fundus, or back of the eye, of humans and animals.
Following the invention of the ophthalmoscope in 1851 by Herman von
Helmholtz there was a desire by some ophthalmologists to have a
binocular form of this instrument. This was achieved in 1861 by the
French ophthalmologist Marc Felix Giraud-Teulon. The instrument was
difficult to use and very few were produced. At the turn of the
20th century table-mounted instruments made by Carl Zeiss Jena were
introduced. The designer was Allvar Gullstrand, a Nobel Prize
laureate, who incorporated a new feature of reflex-free optics. The
instruments were big and expensive. Nearly 100 years after
Giraud-Teulon's invention of the binocular ophthalmoscope another
invention took place that transformed the examination of the eye
binocularly. Charles Schepens, a young Belgian ophthalmologist, had
the brilliant idea of combining the illumination with the binocular
viewing box and attaching this to a headband. The outcome was the
first head-worn binocular ophthalmoscope. Not only was the
instrument used for the diagnosis of retinal conditions but it
could be used during retinal surgery. Keeler Ltd, the company that
both authors worked for during their business careers, produced
their version in 1959 and subsequently became world leaders for
this instrument. They still hold this position after 60 years. The
book explores the many variations of the binocular ophthalmoscope,
some bizarre, some successful but most less so.
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