The role, status, and treatment of women is one of the major
issues confronting the military today. This volume provides a range
of perspectives on the magnitude of concerns, the sources of
problems, how issues might best be addressed, and the future for
women in the armed services. It is based on a special issue of the
journal "Gender Issues," supplemented with additional contributions
from leading scholars.
Historical and theoretical perspectives are provided by Lorry M.
Fenner and Jean Bethke Elshtain. Fenner focuses on the role of
women in the military since 1940, and argues for broader inclusion
of women as well as other groups that have previously been
restricted from full participation. Elshtain analyzes the
extraordinary ability of war to draw both women and men into civic
life, and observes how it calls forth and establishes a sense of
particular identity for both men and women.
Critical views are provided by other scholars. Laura L. Miller
examines the feminist movement's insistence on full participation
in combat units. Former Army chaplain Marie deYoung provides
qualitative and quantitative data on military readiness and unit
cohesion in mixed gender units. Leading military scholars (Mady W.
Segal, David R. Segal, Jerald G. Bachman, Peter Freedman-Doan, and
Patrick M. O'Malley) review national surveys comparing male and
female high school seniors' responses to surveys conducted on
questions about their propensity to enlist. Male-female differences
are also addressed by Judith Hicks Steihm, who looks at the
opinions each group has about the capabilities and performance of
women. She finds differences by rank on questions as to how hard
female soldiers work as compared to male soldiers and whether women
are ready for combat duty.
Historically, the military has provided minorities equal
opportunity. Brenda L. Moore and Schulyler C. Webb examine whether
or not this is still perceived to be the case in today's Navy. They
focus on different perceptions by women and men, and by African
American women in particular. Finally, William O'Neill examines
whether the post-cold war downsized military will find women
soldiers more or less important. Drawing upon social science
research, historical data, and contemporary opinion surveys, "Women
in the Military" is a cutting-edge assessment of a major gender
issue in the United States. It will be valuable to researchers in
women's studies, as well as those teaching courses in sociology,
history, and military studies.
"Rita James Simon" is University Professor in the School of Public
Affairs and the Washington College of Law at American University.
She is the editor of "Gender Issues and author of The American
Jury, the Insanity Defense: A Critical Assessment of Law and Policy
in the Post-Hinkley Era (with David Aaronson), Adoption, Race and
Identity (with Howard Alstein), In the Golden Land: A Century of
Russian and Soviet Jewish Immigration, Social Science Data and
Supreme Court Decisions (with Rosemary Erickson), and Abortion:
Statutes, Policies, and Public Attitudes the World Over.
General
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