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Schooling in the Antebellum South - The Rise of Public and Private Education in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama (Hardcover)
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Schooling in the Antebellum South - The Rise of Public and Private Education in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama (Hardcover)
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In Schooling in the Antebellum South, Sarah L. Hyde analyzes
educational development in the Gulf South before the Civil War, not
only revealing a thriving private and public education system, but
also offering insight into the worldview and aspirations of the
people inhabiting the region. While historians have tended to
emphasize that much of the antebellum South had no public school
system and offered education only to elites in private
institutions, Hyde's work suggests a different pattern of
development in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama, where citizens
actually worked to extend schooling across the region. As a result,
students learned in a variety of settings- in their own homes with
a family member or hired tutor, at private or parochial schools,
and in public free schools. Regardless of the venue, Hyde shows
that the ubiquity of learning in the region proves how highly
southerners valued education. As early as the 1820s and 1830s,
legislators in these states sought to increase access to education
for less wealthy residents through financial assistance to private
schools. Urban governments in the region were the first to
acquiesce to voters' demands, establishing public schools in New
Orleans, Natchez, and Mobile. The success of these schools led
residents in rural areas to lobby their local legislatures for
similar opportunities. Despite an economic downturn in the late
1830s that limited legislative appropriations for education, the
economic recovery of the 1840s ushered in a new era of educational
progress. The return of prosperity, Hyde suggests, coincided with
the maturation of Jacksonian democracy- a political philosophy that
led southerners to demand access to privileges formerly reserved
for the elite, including schooling. Hyde explains that while
Jacksonian ideology inspired voters to lobby for schools, the value
southerners placed on learning was rooted in republicanism: they
believed a representative democracy needed an educated populace to
survive. Consequently, by 1860 all three states had established
statewide public school systems. Schooling in the Antebellum South
successfully challenges the conventional wisdom that an elitist
educational system prevailed in the South and adds historical depth
to an understanding of the value placed on public schooling in the
region.
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