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Speaking French in Louisiana, 1720-1955 - Linguistic Practices of the Catholic Church (Hardcover)
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Speaking French in Louisiana, 1720-1955 - Linguistic Practices of the Catholic Church (Hardcover)
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Over the course of its three-hundred-year history, the Catholic
Church in Louisiana witnessed a prolonged shift from French to
English, with some south Louisiana churches continuing to prepare
marriage, baptism, and burial records in French as late as the
mid-twentieth century. Speaking French in Louisiana, 1720- 1955
navigates a complex and lengthy process, presenting a nuanced
picture of language change within the Church and situating its
practices within the state's sociolinguistic evolution. Mining
three centuries of evidence from the Archdiocese of New Orleans
archives, the authors discover proof of an extraordinary
one-hundred-year rise and fall of bilingualism in Louisiana. The
multiethnic laity, clergy, and religious in the nineteenth century
necessitated the use of multiple languages in church functions, and
bilingualism remained an ordinary aspect of church life through the
antebellum period. After the Civil War, however, the authors show a
steady crossover from French to English in the Church, influenced
in large part by an active Irish population. It wasn't until
decades later, around 1910, that the Church began to embrace
English monolingualism and French faded from use. The authors'
extensive research and analysis draws on quantitative and
qualitative data, geographical models, methods of ethnography, and
cultural studies. They evaluated 4,000 letters, written mostly in
French, from 1720 to 1859; sacramental registers from more than 250
churches; parish reports; diocesan council minutes; and unpublished
material from French archives. Their findings illuminate how the
Church's hierarchical structure of authority, its social
constraints, and the attitudes of its local priests and laity
affected language maintenance and change, particularly during the
major political and social developments of the nineteenth and early
twentieth centuries. Speaking French in Louisiana, 1720- 1955 goes
beyond the ""triumph of English"" or ""tragedy of Cajun French""
stereotypes to show how south Louisiana negotiated language use and
how Christianization was a powerful linguistic and cultural
assimilator.
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