Following the War of the Pacific (1879-1883), Chile and Peru signed
the Treaty of Anc???n (1884) that, in part, dealt with settling a
territorial dispute over the provinces of Tacna and Arica along the
countries' new common border. The treaty allowed Chile to
administer the two provinces for a period of ten years, after which
a plebiscite would allow the region's inhabitants to determine
their own nationality. At the end of the prearranged decade,
however, the Chilean and the Peruvian governments had failed to
conduct the vote that would determine the fate of the people. Over
a quarter of a century later, and after attempts by the U.S.
government to mediate the dispute, the two countries in 1929
decided simply to divide the area, with Arica becoming a part of
Chile and Peru reincorporating Tacna.
Against the backdrop of this contested frontier, William Skuban
explores the processes of nationalism and national identity
formation in the half century that followed the War of the Pacific.
He first considers the national projects of Peru and Chile in the
disputed territories and then moves on to how these efforts were
received among the diverse social strata of the region. Skuban's
study highlights the fabricated nature of national identity in what
became one of the most contentious frontier situations in South
American history.
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