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The book is based on the lectures delivered at the XCIII Session of
the Ecole de Physique des Houches, held in August, 2009. The aim of
the event was to familiarize the new generation of PhD students and
postdoctoral fellows with the principles and methods of modern
lattice field theory, which aims to resolve fundamental,
non-perturbative questions about QCD without uncontrolled
approximations.
The emphasis of the book is on the theoretical developments that
have shaped the field in the last two decades and that have turned
lattice gauge theory into a robust approach to the determination of
low energy hadronic quantities and of fundamental parameters of the
Standard Model.
By way of introduction, the lectures begin by covering lattice
theory basics, lattice renormalization and improvement, and the
many faces of chirality. A later course introduces QCD at finite
temperature and density. A broad view of lattice computation from
the basics to recent developments was offered in a corresponding
course. Extrapolations to physical quark masses and a framework for
the parameterization of the low-energy physics by means of
effective coupling constants is covered in a lecture on chiral
perturbation theory. Heavy-quark effective theories, an essential
tool for performing the relevant lattice calculations, is covered
from its basics to recent advances. A number of shorter courses
round out the book and broaden its purview. These included recent
applications to the nucleon--nucleon interation and a course on
physics beyond the Standard Model.
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