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The book presents an axiomatic approach to the problems of
prediction, classification, and statistical learning. Using
methodologies from axiomatic decision theory, and, in particular,
the authors' case-based decision theory, the present studies
attempt to ask what inductive conclusions can be derived from
existing databases. It is shown that simple consistency rules lead
to similarity-weighted aggregation, akin to kernel-based methods.
It is suggested that the similarity function be estimated from the
data. The incorporation of rule-based reasoning is discussed.
Gilboa and Schmeidler provide a new paradigm for modeling decision making under uncertainty. Case-based decision theory suggests that people make decisions by analogies to past cases: they tend to choose acts that performed well in the past in similar situations, and to avoid acts that performed poorly. The authors describe the general theory and its relationship to planning, repeated choice problems, inductive inference, and learning. They highlight its mathematical and philosophical foundations and compare it to expected utility theory as well as to rule-based systems.
Published as a tribute to the memory of Elisha Pazner, this book
contains a collection of essays providing a comprehensive view of
the design and evaluation of economic mechanisms, written and
edited by the major contributors to the field. Amongst the topics
included are bargaining theory and the economics of competitive
bidding. The surveys are preceded by 'A Perspective', by Leo
Hurwicz which contains a systematic account of the development of
the literature on mechanism design, and this provides a context for
both the surveys and the six published papers authored or
co-authored by Elisha Pazner that complete the book and demonstrate
Pazner's interest in and contribution to the study of economic
mechanisms. Leonid Hurwitcz is the Nobel Prize Winner 2007 for The
Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred
Nobel, along with colleagues Eric Maskin and Roger Myerson, for his
work on the effectiveness of markets.
The book describes formal models of reasoning that are aimed at
capturing the way that economic agents, and decision makers in
general think about their environment and make predictions based on
their past experience. The focus is on analogies (case-based
reasoning) and general theories (rule-based reasoning), and on the
interaction between them, as well as between them and Bayesian
reasoning. A unified approach allows one to study the dynamics of
inductive reasoning in terms of the mode of reasoning that is used
to generate predictions.
Published as a tribute to the memory of Elisha Pazner, this book
contains a collection of essays providing a comprehensive view of
the design and evaluation of economic mechanisms, written and
edited by the major contributors to the field. Amongst the topics
included are bargaining theory and the economics of competitive
bidding. The surveys are preceded by 'A Perspective', by Leo
Hurwicz which contains a systematic account of the development of
the literature on mechanism design, and this provides a context for
both the surveys and the six published papers authored or
co-authored by Elisha Pazner that complete the book and demonstrate
Pazner's interest in and contribution to the study of economic
mechanisms. Leonid Hurwitcz is the Nobel Prize Winner 2007 for The
Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred
Nobel, along with colleagues Eric Maskin and Roger Myerson, for his
work on the effectiveness of markets.
Gilboa and Schmeidler provide a new paradigm for modeling decision making under uncertainty. Case-based decision theory suggests that people make decisions by analogies to past cases: they tend to choose acts that performed well in the past in similar situations, and to avoid acts that performed poorly. The authors describe the general theory and its relationship to planning, repeated choice problems, inductive inference, and learning. They highlight its mathematical and philosophical foundations and compare it to expected utility theory as well as to rule-based systems.
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