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This edited collection situates the migration of children and young
people into Europe within a global framework of analysis and
provides a holistic perspective that encompasses cultural media,
ethnographic research and policy analysis. Drawing on a unique
study of young unaccompanied migrants who subsequently became
‘adult’ within the UK and Italy, it examines their different
trajectories and how they were impacted by their ability to secure
legal status. Divided into three interlinked sections, it begins by
examining the cultural repertoires about migration and adulthood to
which migrants are sensitized in their countries of origin from a
young age. This forms the contexts within which their direct
experiences of turning 18 in a different country are explored.
These combined insights are framed by an analysis of related
policies which bureaucratically and institutionally shape these
migratory experiences. This interdisciplinary volume will appeal to
scholars and students in the fields of migration studies,
international development, geography, sociology, anthropology,
youth studies, law, education, health and wellbeing, social care
and cultural studies.
" This volume] presents an admirable set of case studies on the
effects of modern conservation projects on local peoples from
across the globe. The great strength of the volume lies in the
diversity of cases." - International Journal of African Historical
Studies ." . . this book will be the source material for future
generations of researchers . . . The many arguments in this book
will challenge and hopefully bring forward vigorous debate about
the aims and goals of sustainable development and conservation
tools." - The Indigenous Nations Studies Journal Wildlife
conservation and other environmental protection projects can have
tremendous impact on the lives and livelihoods of the often mobile,
difficult-to-reach, and marginal peoples who inhabit the same
territory. The contributors to this collection of case studies,
social scientists as well as natural scientists, are concerned with
this human element in biodiversity. They examine the interface
between conservation and indigenous communities forced to move or
to settle elsewhere in order to accommodate environmental policies
and biodiversity concerns. The case studies investigate successful
and not so successful community-managed, as well as local
participatory, conservation projects in Africa, the Middle East,
South and South Eastern Asia, Australia and Latin America. There
are lessons to be learned from recent efforts in community managed
conservation and this volume significantly contributes to that
discussion. Dawn Chatty is General Editor of Studies in Forced
Migration and teaches at the Center for Refugee Studies of the
University of Oxford. Marcus Colchester works for the Forest
Peoples Programme.
Wildlife conservation and other environmental protection projects
can have tremendous impact on the lives and livelihoods of the
often mobile, difficult-to-reach, and marginal peoples who inhabit
the same territory. The contributors to this collection of case
studies, social scientists as well as natural scientists, are
concerned with this human element in biodiversity. They examine the
interface between conservation and indigenous communities forced to
move or to settle elsewhere in order to accommodate environmental
policies and biodiversity concerns. The case studies investigate
successful and not so successful community-managed, as well as
local participatory, conservation projects in Africa, the Middle
East, South and South Eastern Asia, Australia and Latin America.
There are lessons to be learned from recent efforts in community
managed conservation and this volume significantly contributes to
that discussion.
The Sahrawi and Afghan refugee youth in the Middle East have been
stereotyped regionally and internationally: some have been
objectified as passive victims; others have become the
beneficiaries of numerous humanitarian aid packages which presume
the primacy of the Western model of child development. This book
compares and contrasts both the stereotypes and Western-based
models of humanitarian assistance among Sahrawi youth with the lack
of programming and near total self-sufficiency of Afghan refugee
youth in Iran. Both extremes offer an important opportunity to
further explore the impact which forced migration and prolonged
conflict have had, and continue to have, on the lives of these
refugee youth and their families. This study examines refugee
communities closely linked with the United Nations High Commission
for Refugees (UNHCR) and a host of other UN agencies in the case of
the Sahrawi and near total lack of humanitarian aid in the case of
Afghan refugees in Iran.
The Sahrawi and Afghan refugee youth in the Middle East have been
stereotyped regionally and internationally: some have been
objectified as passive victims; others have become the
beneficiaries of numerous humanitarian aid packages which presume
the primacy of the Western model of child development. This book
compares and contrasts both the stereotypes and Western-based
models of humanitarian assistance among Sahrawi youth with the lack
of programming and near total self-sufficiency of Afghan refugee
youth in Iran. Both extremes offer an important opportunity to
further explore the impact which forced migration and prolonged
conflict have had, and continue to have, on the lives of these
refugee youth and their families. This study examines refugee
communities closely linked with the United Nations High Commission
for Refugees (UNHCR) and a host of other UN agencies in the case of
the Sahrawi and near total lack of humanitarian aid in the case of
Afghan refugees in Iran.
Palestinian children and young people living both within and
outside of refugee camps in the Middle East are the focus of this
book. For more than half a century these children and their
caregivers have lived a temporary existence in the dramatic and
politically volatile landscape that is the Middle East. These
children have been captive to various sorts of stereotyping, both
academic and popular. They have been objectified, much as their
parents and grandparents, as passive victims without the benefit of
international protection. And they have become the beneficiaries of
numerous humanitarian aid packages which presume the primacy of the
Western model of child development as well as the psycho-social
approach to intervention. Giving voice to individual children, in
the context of their households and their community, this book aims
to move beyond the stereotypes and Western-based models to explore
the impact that forced migration and prolonged conflict have had,
and continue to have, on the lives of these refugee children.
Palestinian children and young people living both within and
outside of refugee camps in the Middle East are the focus of this
book. For more than half a century these children and their
caregivers have lived a temporary existence in the dramatic and
politically volatile landscape that is the Middle East. These
children have been captive to various sorts of stereotyping, both
academic and popular. They have been objectified, much as their
parents and grandparents, as passive victims without the benefit of
international protection. And they have become the beneficiaries of
numerous humanitarian aid packages which presume the primacy of the
Western model of child development as well as the psycho-social
approach to intervention. Giving voice to individual children, in
the context of their households and their community, this book aims
to move beyond the stereotypes and Western-based models to explore
the impact that forced migration and prolonged conflict have had,
and continue to have, on the lives of these refugee children.
The dispossession and forced migration of nearly 50 per cent of
Syria's population has produced the greatest refugee crisis since
World War II. This new book places the current displacement within
the context of the widespread migrations that have indelibly marked
the region throughout the last 150 years. Syria itself has
harboured millions from its neighbouring lands, and Syrian society
has been shaped by these diasporas. Dawn Chatty explores how modern
Syria came to be a refuge state, focusing first on the major forced
migrations into Syria of Circassians, Armenians, Kurds,
Palestinians, and Iraqis. Drawing heavily on individual narratives
and stories of integration, adaptation, and compromise, she shows
that a local cosmopolitanism came to be seen as intrinsic to Syrian
society. She examines the current outflow of people from Syria to
neighbouring states as individuals and families seek survival with
dignity, arguing that though the future remains uncertain, the
resilience and strength of Syrian society both displaced internally
within Syria and externally across borders bodes well for
successful return and reintegration. If there is any hope to be
found in the Syrian civil war, it is in this history.
Dispossession and forced migration in the Middle East remain even
today significant elements of contemporary life in the region. Dawn
Chatty s book traces the history of those who, as a reconstructed
Middle East emerged at the beginning of the twentieth century,
found themselves cut off from their homelands, refugees in a new
world, with borders created out of the ashes of war and the fall of
the Ottoman Empire. As an anthropologist, the author is
particularly sensitive to individual experience and how these
experiences have impacted on society as a whole from the political,
social, and environmental perspectives. Through personal stories
and interviews within different communities, she shows how some
minorities, such as the Armenian and Circassian communities, have
succeeded in integrating and creating new identities, whereas
others, such as the Palestinians and the Kurds, have been left
homeless within impermanent landscapes. The book is unusual in
combining an ethnographic approach that analyzes the everyday
experiences of refugees and migrants against the backdrop of the
broad sweep of Mediterranean history. It is intended as an
introduction for students in Middle East studies, history,
political science, and anthropology and for anyone concerned with
war and conflict in the region.
With the creation of the modern nation-state in the Middle East and
North Africa, women have been and continue to be manipulated to
represent a cultural ideal of perfect womanhood. This is often
greatly at odds with the realities of women's lives and
aspirations. However, individual women, through careful
manipulation of gender relations, often succeed in casting aside
the culturally accepted bonds which diminish their lives.Even so,
women in groups are deemed unacceptable unless they conform to
state mandates. In many countries in the Middle East, women are
only legally permitted to form groups which are charitable
organizations concerned with the welfare of the disabled or the
handicapped. Clearly women in groups are perceived as a threat by
the state.This challenging book examines the nature of the
relationship between both women and the state and men and the
state. It presents a balanced mix of theoretical and empirical
research which analyzes both the formal and informal ways in which
women have organized themselves, and been organized, in Arab
society.
With the creation of the modern nation-state in the Middle East and
North Africa, women have been and continue to be manipulated to
represent a cultural ideal of perfect womanhood. This is often
greatly at odds with the realities of women's lives and
aspirations. However, individual women, through careful
manipulation of gender relations, often succeed in casting aside
the culturally accepted bonds which diminish their lives.Even so,
women in groups are deemed unacceptable unless they conform to
state mandates. In many countries in the Middle East, women are
only legally permitted to form groups which are charitable
organizations concerned with the welfare of the disabled or the
handicapped. Clearly women in groups are perceived as a threat by
the state.This challenging book examines the nature of the
relationship between both women and the state and men and the
state. It presents a balanced mix of theoretical and empirical
research which analyzes both the formal and informal ways in which
women have organized themselves, and been organized, in Arab
society.
This volume combines ethnographic accounts of fieldwork with
overviews of recent anthropological literature about the region on
topics such as Islam, gender, youth, and new media. It addresses
contemporary debates about modernity, nation building, and the link
between the ideology of power and the production of knowledge.
Contributors include established and emerging scholars known for
the depth and quality of their ethnographic writing and for their
interventions in current theory. -- Indiana University Press
Dispossession and forced migration in the Middle East remain even
today significant elements of contemporary life in the region. Dawn
Chatty s book traces the history of those who, as a reconstructed
Middle East emerged at the beginning of the twentieth century,
found themselves cut off from their homelands, refugees in a new
world, with borders created out of the ashes of war and the fall of
the Ottoman Empire. As an anthropologist, the author is
particularly sensitive to individual experience and how these
experiences have impacted on society as a whole from the political,
social, and environmental perspectives. Through personal stories
and interviews within different communities, she shows how some
minorities, such as the Armenian and Circassian communities, have
succeeded in integrating and creating new identities, whereas
others, such as the Palestinians and the Kurds, have been left
homeless within impermanent landscapes. The book is unusual in
combining an ethnographic approach that analyzes the everyday
experiences of refugees and migrants against the backdrop of the
broad sweep of Mediterranean history. It is intended as an
introduction for students in Middle East studies, history,
political science, and anthropology and for anyone concerned with
war and conflict in the region."
TRADITION AND TRANSITION IN PASTORAL SOCIETIES Changing pastoral
dynamics make knowledge of pastoralism vital to understanding
landscapes, development and governance across dryland regions.
Modern Pastoralism and Conservation: Old Problems, New Challenges
presents new pastoral research from Africa, the Middle East and
Asia. The volume (previously published in China) addresses the
nature and viability of pastoralism in practice and examines
current pastoral conditions in diverse locations. Pastoralists
engage with changing climatic and environmental conditions whilst
encountering policy, population and socio-economic challenges.
Issues of transformation and sustainability are at the heart of the
book, whose chapters highlight the contemporary practice of
pastoralism in order to enhance understanding of this unique
livelihood and lifestyle. The Commission on Nomadic Peoples (CNP),
part of the International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological
Union Sciences (IUAES), unites researchers, practitioners,
government and non-government organisations to further pastoral
knowledge. As Commission members, the authors have had extensive
interactions with and possess rich experience of diverse pastoral
societies. This book's chapters originate in papers presented at
CNP sessions during the 2009 IUAES Congress in Kunming, China. Two
perspectives were stressed: pastoralism in an international context
and in the host nation, China. This approach identified both the
impact of rapid development on nomadic practices and livelihoods in
China and the country's growing integration into the global
pastoral research community. Modern Pastoralism and Conservation:
Old Problems, New Challenges builds an international perspective on
the wide- ranging approaches and challenges to traditional
pastoralism in the twenty-first century.
A CLASSIC STUDY OF CULTURAL ENDURANCE AND RADICAL CHANGE IN THE
ARABIAN DESERT The Bedouin tribes of Northern Arabia have lived
thousands of years as pastoralists, migrating across the semi-arid
badia in search of graze and browse for their herds. Romantic
images of Bedouin - black tents, robed Arabs and camels - still
persist. However, mobile pastoral livelihoods have come under
pressure to change in recent years. The modern nation-states of the
Middle East view pastoralism as anachronistic and encourage Bedouin
to become settled cultivators. An even more dramatic shift has
taken place within the last few decades: the Bedouin have traded in
their camels as beasts of burden in favour of the half-ton truck.
The ship of the desert is now a Toyota, Datsun, Nissan or General
Motors pick-up. Nevertheless, many Bedouin continue to herd
livestock - sheep, goat and camel - at the same time as engaging in
new economic activities. They have been open to remarkable change
whilst firmly holding onto their culture, and their traditional
moral and value systems. The truck has allowed many the possibility
of interacting with the region's modern economy while still
pursuing their mobile pastoral livelihoods. Extensive field
research underlies anthropologist Dawn Chatty's comprehensive
study. She examines contemporary Bedouin society of Lebanon and
Syria in the contexts of history, economy and political and moral
culture. She details the consequences of motorized transport for
this community - and she draws some surprising conclusions about
its future viability.
Based on more than ten years of study among the Harasiis, a
Middle Eastern tribe living in the Sultanate of Oman, "Mobile
Pastoralists" is a powerful statement on the importance of
grassroots, people-based development and on the inadequacy of
conventional responses for such a community by the international
aid bureaucracy.
Dawn Chatty's work is the product of years of research among the
Harasiis, during which she headed an international development
project aiming to provide basic social services to the tribe
without disturbing their traditional nomadic pastoral way of life.
"Mobile Pastoralists" provides readers with a detailed description
of the conception, drafting, implementation, and completion of
Chatty's aid project. The book also includes nuanced case studies
of individual Harasiis men and women, showing how development
efforts and the complex forces of modernization have affected
members on a personal level.
Supplemented by a group of photographs of the tribe and their
environment, along with seven detailed regional maps, "Mobile
Pastoralists" is a study with valuable applications for
anthropology, cultural geography, development planning, and Middle
Eastern affairs.
This volume combines ethnographic accounts of fieldwork with
overviews of recent anthropological literature about the region on
topics such as Islam, gender, youth, and new media. It addresses
contemporary debates about modernity, nation building, and the link
between the ideology of power and the production of knowledge.
Contributors include established and emerging scholars known for
the depth and quality of their ethnographic writing and for their
interventions in current theory. -- Indiana University Press
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