Neural networks provide a powerful new technology to model and control nonlinear and complex systems. In this book, the authors present a detailed formulation of neural networks from the information-theoretic viewpoint. They show how this perspective provides new insights into the design theory of neural networks. In particular they show how these methods may be applied to the topics of supervised and unsupervised learning including feature extraction, linear and non-linear independent component analysis, and Boltzmann machines. Readers are assumed to have a basic understanding of neural networks, but all the relevant concepts from information theory are carefully introduced and explained. Consequently, readers from several different scientific disciplines, notably cognitive scientists, engineers, physicists, statisticians, and computer scientists, will find this to be a very valuable introduction to this topic.

This book offers a new, theoretical approach to information dynamics, i.e., information processing in complex dynamical systems. The presentation establishes a consistent theoretical framework for the problem of discovering knowledge behind empirical, dynamical data and addresses applications in information processing and coding in dynamical systems. This will be an essential reference for those in neural computing, information theory, nonlinear dynamics and complex systems modeling.

This book offers a new, theoretical approach to information dynamics, i.e., information processing in complex dynamical systems. The presentation establishes a consistent theoretical framework for the problem of discovering knowledge behind empirical, dynamical data and addresses applications in information processing and coding in dynamical systems. This will be an essential reference for those in neural computing, information theory, nonlinear dynamics and complex systems modeling.

Neural networks provide a powerful new technology to model and control nonlinear and complex systems. In this book, the authors present a detailed formulation of neural networks from the information-theoretic viewpoint. They show how this perspective provides new insights into the design theory of neural networks. In particular they show how these methods may be applied to the topics of supervised and unsupervised learning including feature extraction, linear and non-linear independent component analysis, and Boltzmann machines. Readers are assumed to have a basic understanding of neural networks, but all the relevant concepts from information theory are carefully introduced and explained. Consequently, readers from several different scientific disciplines, notably cognitive scientists, engineers, physicists, statisticians, and computer scientists, will find this to be a very valuable introduction to this topic.

A complete guide to understanding and using your numbers of destiny.

Fans of Abby Jimenez and Alexis Daria will love this novel about one New York City woman skilled in producing swoon-worthy reality TV shows but whose own life is a mess, with nothing ever going according to plan. Ana Karina loves her job—though she isn't quite where she thought she'd be by now. As reality tv producer, she orchestrates extravagant marriage proposals that always (read: mostly) go as planned. If they don't, she’s not afraid to cut and paste scenes to perfection afterward. Even if her arrogant film editor isn't a fan. But what does he know about romance anyway? If only Ana's love life was as simple as fixing botched engagements. She's sick and tired of guys who give her the ick. Open-toed sandals? Gross. Mr. Casual. No, thanks. Wears a toupe? Cut! Ana's got a mile-long list of all the cringey things to steer clear of. And Ana loves lists. Her to-dos for her best friend's wedding, show ideas to pitch, and even her list of what she does want in Mr. Right. With only four requirements, why is it taking so long to find him? She refuses to put her life on hold waiting. She’ll just date four men who each embody one quality. Never mind them lacking in other departments. Yet as she finds the Prince Charming in every frog, she also gets closer to facing who she’s avoided for years. Herself.

The Computational Neuroscience of Vision focuses on the visual information processing and computational operations in the visual system that lead to representations of objects in the brain. Chapters 1-6, describe the structure and function of many of the cortical areas invovlved in this visual processing, including the temporal lobe cortical visual areas where representations of objects are found. Chapter 7 describes the operation of neural networks that provide a foundation for understanding how some of the computations involved take place in cortical areas. Chapter 8 describes different computational approaches to the recognition of objects, and then develops a computational approach to understanding how the visual system actually forms representations of objects. Chapters 9-11 provide a computational approach to understanding how attention operates in the brain. In addition to purely visual processing, Computational Neuroscience of Vision also considers how visual inputs reach and are involved in the computations underlying a range of behaviours, including short-term memory, long-term memory, emotion and motivation, and the initiation of action. The book thus provides a foundation for understanding the operation of a number of different brain systems. This book is relatively unique in integrating evidence from the neurophysiology, neuroimaging, and neuropsychology of the high-level visual processing systems in the brain and their connected output systems with a computational framework based on biologically plausible neural networks. The book will be of value to all those interested in understanding how the brain works, and in understanding vision, attention, memory, emotion, motiviation, and action.

The activity of neurons in the brain is noisy in that their firing times are random when they are firing at a given mean rate. This introduces a random or stochastic property into brain processing which we show in this book is fundamental to understanding many aspects of brain function, including probabilistic decision making, perception, memory recall, short-term memory, attention, and even creativity. In The Noisy Brain we show that in many of these processes, the noise caused by the random neuronal firing times is useful. However, this stochastic dynamics can be unstable or overstable, and we show that the stability of attractor networks in the brain in the face of noise may help to understand some important dysfunctions that occur in schizophrenia, normal aging, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The Noisy Brain provides a unifying computational approach to brain function that links synaptic and biophysical properties of neurons through the firing of single neurons to the properties of the noise in large connected networks of noisy neurons to the levels of functional neuroimaging and behaviour. The book describes integrate-and-fire neuronal attractor networks with noise, and complementary mean-field analyses using approaches from theoretical physics. The book shows how they can be used to understand neuronal, functional neuroimaging, and behavioural data on decision-making, perception, memory recall, short-term memory, attention, and brain dysfunctions that occur in schizophrenia, normal aging, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The Noisy Brain will be valuable for those in the fields of neuroscience, psychology, cognitive neuroscience, and biology from advanced undergraduate level upwards. It will also be of interest to those interested in neuroeconomics, animal behaviour, zoology, psychiatry, medicine, physics, and philosophy. The book has been written with modular chapters and sections, making it possible to select particular Chapters for course work. Advanced material on the physics of stochastic dynamics in the brain is contained in the Appendix.

This exciting new book presents a highly complex subject of vision, focussing on the visual information processing and computational operations in the visual system that lead to representations of objects in the brain. In addition to visual processing, it also considers how visual imputs reach and are involved in the computations underlying a wide range of behaviour, thus providing a foundation for understanding the operation of a number of different brain systems. This fascinating book will be of value to all those interested in understanding how the brain works, and in understanding vision, attention, memory, emotion, motivation and action.

Is there a ?caveman? buried deep inside each of us?one that we refuse to recognize? Do we have Paleolithic instincts and urgings? How much of our behavior is a vestige from our hunter-gatherer past? Man does in fact have an ancient, Paleolithic genetic design. Indeed, human nature hasn't changed in roughly the last 200,000 years?but human society has changed drastically. Humans were designed to live in small communal groupings. The further away from this primitive setting that we find ourselves, the less likely it is that our genetically governed instincts will adequately serve us. Our deep-seated primitive instincts are ever-lurking in the background, obscured and obfuscated by the pervasiveness of modern civilization?but extremely relevant nonetheless. By ignoring our Paleolithic design we fail to comprehend the nature of our modern predicament.

This essay presents a unique approach to the subject of free will and ethics based on the idea that evolution has created us with two different perspectives on our world which are very different. The universal perspective arises from our "reflective consciousness" which is unique to humans, whereas the human perspective arises from our "self consciousness". Because we are human, we must live our lives by the dictates of the human perspective which incorporates free will and ethics.. In the authors opinion, the scientific alternative which is less than 500 years old can only be understood by looking at the evolution of the entire universe, starting with what we know about the Big Bang. In so doing, we are inevitably led to the conclusion that from the universal perspective we do not have free will and therefore the whole concept of ethics is meaningless. But ethics is not meaningless to us because we can't be other than human. Understanding and accepting the consequences of these two perspectives.