For all the attention to radical political Islam, there is little awareness that the democratically elected government of Turkey has an Islamic flavor. This book places within historical context the rise of the Islamic political party now governing Turkey and examines the implications of its rule for that country and its relations with Europe, the United States and the Middle East.

Turkey is often cited as a model for Muslim countries; its pro-western democracy an example that the clash of civilizations is not inevitable. Yet the process of political and economic liberalization has increased the appeal of political Islam. Jenkins analyses the re-emergence of Islam as a political force in Turkey and examines the repercussions.

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 146.Earth climate is uniquely determined at any time by the varied interactions of its components: lithosphere, biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere (ocean, lakes and rivers) and cryosphere. Over the past 544 million years (the Phanerozoic Eon), these components of the climate system have undergone significant changes but perhaps none more extreme than in the Proterozoic Era (2.5 G-544 Ma) With at least three periods with low-latitude glacial deposits (during the Palaeoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic), the cryosphere may have dominated the earth's surface, possibly the only such event in earth's history. Indeed, if the Earth had an obliquity similar to the present (23.45), then low-latitude glaciation could represent a nearly ice- and snow-covered globe. Effects would have been multiform: The influence of the hydrosphere would have been at a minimum and most living organisms would have been confined to small areas of open ocean if they existed at all, or possibly near hydrothermal vents. The atmosphere would have been very dry and nearly cloud-free.

This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ System Of Mining Coal And Metalliferous Veins Fully Explained: With A Compendium Of General Principles On That Science. Productive, Consumption And Incidental Statistics Of Coal: Together With Geological And Mineralogical Observations. Illustrated By Maps, Sections, &c. Intended Principally For ... G. Jenkin Phillipps The author, 1858 Technology & Engineering; Mining; Coal; Coal mines and mining; Technology & Engineering / Mining