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Epic is dialectally mixed but Ionic at its core. The proper dialect
for elegy was Ionic, even when composed by Tyrtaeus in Sparta or
Theognis in Megara, both Doric areas. Choral lyric poets represent
the major dialect areas: Aeolic (Sappho, Alcaeus), Ionic (Anacreon,
Archilochus, Simonides), and Doric (Alcman, Ibycus, Stesichorus,
Pindar). Most distinctive are the Aeolic poets. The rest may have a
preference for their own dialect (some more than others) but in
their Lesbian veneer and mixture of Doric and Ionic forms are to
some extent dialectally indistinguishable. All of the ancient
authors use a literary language that is artificial from the point
of view of any individual dialect. Homer has the most forms that
occur in no actual dialect. In this volume, by means of dialectally
and chronologically arranged illustrative texts, translated and
provided with running commentary, some of the early Greek authors
are compared against epigraphic records, where available, from the
same period and locality in order to provide an appreciation of:
the internal history of the Ancient Greek language and its
dialects; the evolution of the multilectal, artificial poetic
language that characterizes the main genres of the most ancient
Greek literature, especially Homer / epic, with notes on choral
lyric and even the literary language of the prose historian
Herodotus; the formulaic properties of ancient poetry, especially
epic genres; the development of more complex meters, colometric
structure, and poetic conventions; and the basis for decisions
about text editing and the selection of a manuscript alternant or
emendation that was plausibly used by a given author.
English Lexicogenesis investigates the processes by which novel
words are coined in English, and how they are variously discarded
or adopted, and frequently then adapted. Gary Miller looks at the
roles of affixation, compounding, clipping, and blending in the
history of lexicogenesis, including processes taking place right
now. The first four chapters consider English morphology and the
recent types of word formation in English: the first introduces the
morphological terminology used in the work and the book's
theoretical perspectives; chapter 2 discusses productivity and
constraints on derivations; chapter 3 describes the basic typology
of English compounds; and chapter 4 considers the role of particles
in word formation and recent construct types specific to English.
Chapters 5 and 6 focus respectively on analogical and imaginative
aspects of neologistic creation and the roles of metaphor and
metonymy. In chapters 7 and 8 the author considers the influence of
folk etymology and tabu, and the cycle of loss of expressivity and
its renewal. After outlining the phonological structure of words
and its role in word abridgements, he examines the acoustic and
perceptual motivation of word forms. He then devotes four chapters
to aspects and functions of truncation and to reduplicative and
conjunctive formations. In the final chapter he looks at the
relationship between core and expressive morphology and the role of
punning and other forms of language play, before summarizing his
arguments and findings and setting out avenues for future research.
This book seeks to answer the questions: why do grammars change, and why is the rate of such change so variable? A principal focus is on changes in English between the Anglo-Saxon and early modern periods. The author frames his analysis in a comparative framework with extended discussions of language change in a wide range of other Indo-European languages. He deploys Chomsky's minimalist framework in a fruitful marriage of comparative and theoretical linguistics within an argument that will be accessible to practitioners in both fields.
This book provides the fullest account ever published of the
external influences on English during the first thousand years of
its formation. In doing so it makes profound contributions to the
history of English and of western culture more generally.
English is a Germanic language but altogether different from the
other languages of that family. Professor Miller shows how and why
the Anglo-Saxons began to borrow and adapt words from Latin and
Greek. He provides detailed case studies of the processes by which
several hundred of them entered English. He also considers why
several centuries later the process of importation was renewed and
accelerated. He describes the effects of English contacts with the
Celts, Vikings, and French, and the ways in which these altered the
language's morphological and syntactic structure. He shows how
loanwords from French, for example, not only increased the richness
of English derivation but resulted in a complex competition between
native and borrowed suffixes.
Gary Miller combines historical, cultural, and linguistic
perspectives. His scholarly, readable, and always fascinating
account will be of enduring value to everyone interested in the
history of English.
This volume provides a comprehensive reference grammar of Gothic,
the earliest attested language of the Germanic family (apart from
runic inscriptions), dating to the fourth century. The bulk of the
extant Gothic corpus is a translation of the Bible, of which only a
portion remains, and which has been the focus of most previous
works. This book is the first in English to also draw on the
recently discovered Bologna fragment and Crimean graffiti, original
Gothic texts that provide more insights into the language.
Following an overview of the history of the Goths and the origin of
the Gothic language, Gary Miller explores all the major topics in
Gothic grammar, beginning with the alphabet and phonology, and
proceeding through subjects such as case functions, prepositions
and particles, compounding, derivation, and verbal and sentential
syntax. He also presents a selection of Gothic texts with notes and
vocabulary, and ends with a chapter on linearization, including an
overview of Gothic in its Germanic context. The Oxford Gothic
Grammar will be an invaluable reference for all Indo-Europeanists,
Germanic scholars, and historical linguists, from advanced
undergraduate level upwards.
Published in Association with the Online Learning Consortium
E-learning has entered the mainstream of higher education as an
agent of strategic change. This transformation requires e-learning
leaders to develop the skills to innovate successfully at a time of
heightened competition and rapid technological change. In this
environment e-learning leaders must act within their institutions
as much more than technology managers and assume the prime role of
helping their institutions understand the opportunities that
e-learning presents for faculty, for students, and for client
organizations in the community. They need to prepare to participate
in policy development around these opportunities. They must
understand the multiple dimensions of practice in the
field-operations, administration, and working within the complex
culture of a higher education institution-while also functioning as
scholars of the field who can bring the best ideas from other
institutions to help shape policy around e-learning. The second
edition builds on the success of the first edition and presents
both the collective expertise of veterans who have pioneered the
field for 20 years, and of a rising generation of e-learning
leaders that are transforming online programs at their own
institutions, to address these challenges. This edition has been
updated and expanded to reflect the increasing complexity of the
field. New and updated topics include: The evolving role of the
chief online learning officer Issues of diversity as more women and
minorities enter leadership roles in the field The increasing role
of learning analytics and data-based decisions The potential
tensions involved in cohort-based versus individualized
instruction. The increasing need for faculty professional
development The affordances of cloud computing, adaptive learning,
artificial intelligence, the internet of things, and mobile
learning to the field The open educational resources movement and
the implications for institutional policy and practice The
challenges of an increasingly complex competitive environment
Accessibility There are few comparable positions in higher
education than that of e-learning leaders who work across multiple
academic and support units and whose work fundamentally affects the
institution as a whole. This volume is written for them.
Published in Association with the Online Learning Consortium
E-learning has entered the mainstream of higher education as an
agent of strategic change. This transformation requires e-learning
leaders to develop the skills to innovate successfully at a time of
heightened competition and rapid technological change. In this
environment e-learning leaders must act within their institutions
as much more than technology managers and assume the prime role of
helping their institutions understand the opportunities that
e-learning presents for faculty, for students, and for client
organizations in the community. They need to prepare to participate
in policy development around these opportunities. They must
understand the multiple dimensions of practice in the
field-operations, administration, and working within the complex
culture of a higher education institution-while also functioning as
scholars of the field who can bring the best ideas from other
institutions to help shape policy around e-learning. The second
edition builds on the success of the first edition and presents
both the collective expertise of veterans who have pioneered the
field for 20 years, and of a rising generation of e-learning
leaders that are transforming online programs at their own
institutions, to address these challenges. This edition has been
updated and expanded to reflect the increasing complexity of the
field. New and updated topics include: The evolving role of the
chief online learning officer Issues of diversity as more women and
minorities enter leadership roles in the field The increasing role
of learning analytics and data-based decisions The potential
tensions involved in cohort-based versus individualized
instruction. The increasing need for faculty professional
development The affordances of cloud computing, adaptive learning,
artificial intelligence, the internet of things, and mobile
learning to the field The open educational resources movement and
the implications for institutional policy and practice The
challenges of an increasingly complex competitive environment
Accessibility There are few comparable positions in higher
education than that of e-learning leaders who work across multiple
academic and support units and whose work fundamentally affects the
institution as a whole. This volume is written for them.
This is the fullest account ever published of Latin suffixes in
English. It explores the rich variety of English words formed by
the addition of one or more Latin suffixes, such as -ial, -able,
-ability, -ible, and -id. It traces the histories of over 3,000
words, revealing the range of derivational patterns in
Indo-European, Latin, and English. It describes the different kinds
of suffixes, shows how they entered English via different channels
at different times, and considers the complexity of competition
between native and borrowed forms. The author examines
postclassical, medieval, and early modern Latin derivatives, and
demonstrates that Latin is still, and likely to remain, a
productive source of English words. He traces the suffixes back to
their Proto-Indo-European origins and provides copious examples for
every aspect of his discussion. Professor Miller's innovative book
makes an important contribution to the history of both English and
Latin morphology and etymology, as well as to the history of
suffixal derivation in Indo-European. It will interest scholars and
students of comparative morphology, historical and comparative
linguistics, etymology, and lexicography.
This is the fullest account ever published of Latin suffixes in
English. It explores the rich variety of English words formed by
the addition of one or more Latin suffixes, such as -ial, -able,
-ability, -ible, and -id. It traces the histories of over 3,000
words, revealing the range of derivational patterns in
Indo-European, Latin, and English. It describes the different kinds
of suffix, shows how they entered English via different channels at
different times, and considers the complexity of competition
between native and borrowed forms. The author examines
postclassical, medieval, and early modern Latin derivations, and
demonstrates that Latin is still, and likely to remain, a
productive source of English words. He traces the suffixes back to
their Proto-Indo-European origins and provides copious examples for
every aspect of his discussion. Professor Miller's innovative book
makes an important contribution to the history of both English and
Latin morphology and etymology, as well as to the history of
suffixal derivation in Indo-European. It will interest scholars and
students of comparative morphology, historical and comparative
linguistics, etymology, and lexicography
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