Rainfall-induced landslides are common around the world. With global climate change, their frequency is increasing and the consequences are becoming greater. Previous studies assess them mostly from the perspective of a single discipline-correlating landslides with rainstorms, geomorphology and hydrology in order to establish a threshold prediction value for rainfall-induced landslides; analyzing the slope's stability using a geomechanical approach; or assessing the risk from field records. Rainfall Induced Soil Slope Failure: Stability Analysis and Probabilistic Assessment integrates probabilistic approaches with the geotechnical modeling of slope failures under rainfall conditions with unsaturated soil. It covers theoretical models of rainfall infiltration and stability analysis, reliability analysis based on coupled hydro-mechanical modelling, stability of slopes with cracks, gravels and spatial heterogenous soils, and probabilistic model calibration based on measurement. It focuses on the uncertainties involved with rainfall-induced landslides and presents state-of-the art techniques and methods which characterize the uncertainties and quantify the probabilities and risk of rainfall-induced landslide hazards.Additionally, the authors cover: The failure mechanisms of rainfall-induced slope failure Commonly used infiltration and stability methods The infiltration and stability of natural soil slopes with cracks and colluvium materials Stability evaluation methods based on probabilistic approaches The effect of spatial variability on unsaturated soil slopes and more

By virtue of several theoretical models and hypotheses, this book is one of the earliest studies which systematically investigates the structure and changes of China's financial institutions. To begin with, it examines the relation between state utility function and China's economic growth, and reveals the formation and transition of China's state-owned financial institutional arrangements. Based on this analysis, the author studies the influence of monetization on the arrangements, and the financial support to China's gradual reform which have long been neglected by researchers. Also, the model of money demand that can explain the specific conditions of the gradual reform is built, as the neoclassical framework has been incapable of explaining China's financial performance. In the last chapter, it discusses the dilemma of property rights under the state-owned financial system, with the establishment of the credit equilibrium model and the dual model of bad debts. With insightful theoretical analysis and empirical researches, this book will appeal to scholars and students in finance, economics and economic history.

Contents:
Acknowledgements
1. Background
2. The Phonetics of Contour Tones
3. Empirical Predictions of Different Approaches
4. The Role of Contrast-Specific Phonetics in Contour Tone Distribution: A Survey
5. The Role of Contrast-Specific Phonetics in Contour Tone Distribution: Instrumental Studies
6. Against Structure-Only alternatives
7. A Phonetically-Driven Optimality-Theoretic Approach
8. Case Studies
9. Conclusion

First Published in 2002. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Earth-affecting solar transients encompass a broad range of phenomena, including major solar flares, CMEs, ICMEs, solar energetic particle events, and corotating interaction regions. In the past decade, nearly continuous observations of the Sun and the inner heliosphere with an unprecedented wide spatial coverage from a fleet of spacecraft, including STEREO Ahead/Behind, SDO, SOHO, Messenger, Venus Express, ACE and WIND, in combination with a significant advancement of global MHD numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, have greatly improved our understanding of solar transients and the prediction of their potential impact on Earth. This Topical Collection is based on the International Study of Earth-affecting Solar Transients (ISEST) project, initially launched in 2013 to bring together scientists from many countries to join efforts on studying solar transients. ISEST became one of the four research projects of the Variability of the Sun and Its Terrestrial Impact (VarSITI) program, sponsored by the Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Physics (SCOSTEP) for the period of 2014 - 2018. Originally published in the journal Solar Physics, volumes 292 (2017) and 293 (2018).

By virtue of several theoretical models and hypotheses, this book is one of the earliest studies which systematically investigates the structure and changes of China's financial institutions. To begin with, it examines the relation between state utility function and China's economic growth, and reveals the formation and transition of China's state-owned financial institutional arrangements. Based on this analysis, the author studies the influence of monetization on the arrangements, and the financial support to China's gradual reform which have long been neglected by researchers. Also, the model of money demand that can explain the specific conditions of the gradual reform is built, as the neoclassical framework has been incapable of explaining China's financial performance. In the last chapter, it discusses the dilemma of property rights under the state-owned financial system, with the establishment of the credit equilibrium model and the dual model of bad debts. With insightful theoretical analysis and empirical researches, this book will appeal to scholars and students in finance, economics and economic history.

Rainfall-induced landslides are common around the world. With global climate change, their frequency is increasing and the consequences are becoming greater. Previous studies assess them mostly from the perspective of a single discipline-correlating landslides with rainstorms, geomorphology and hydrology in order to establish a threshold prediction value for rainfall-induced landslides; analyzing the slope's stability using a geomechanical approach; or assessing the risk from field records. Rainfall Induced Soil Slope Failure: Stability Analysis and Probabilistic Assessment integrates probabilistic approaches with the geotechnical modeling of slope failures under rainfall conditions with unsaturated soil. It covers theoretical models of rainfall infiltration and stability analysis, reliability analysis based on coupled hydro-mechanical modelling, stability of slopes with cracks, gravels and spatial heterogenous soils, and probabilistic model calibration based on measurement. It focuses on the uncertainties involved with rainfall-induced landslides and presents state-of-the art techniques and methods which characterize the uncertainties and quantify the probabilities and risk of rainfall-induced landslide hazards.Additionally, the authors cover: The failure mechanisms of rainfall-induced slope failure Commonly used infiltration and stability methods The infiltration and stability of natural soil slopes with cracks and colluvium materials Stability evaluation methods based on probabilistic approaches The effect of spatial variability on unsaturated soil slopes and more

At the crossroads of artificial intelligence, manufacturing engineering, operational research and industrial engineering and management, multi-agent based production planning and control is an intelligent and industrially crucial technology with increasing importance. This book provides a complete overview of multi-agent based methods for today s competitive manufacturing environment, including the Job Shop Manufacturing and Re-entrant Manufacturing processes. In addition to the basic control and scheduling systems, the author also highlights advance research in numerical optimization methods and wireless sensor networks and their impact on intelligent production planning and control system operation. * Enables students, researchers and engineers to understand the fundamentals and theories of multi-agent based production planning and control * Written by an author with more than 20 years experience in studying and formulating a complete theoretical system in production planning technologies * Fully illustrated throughout, the methods for production planning, scheduling and controlling are presented using experiments, numerical simulations and theoretical analysis Comprehensive and concise, Multi-Agent Based Production Planning and Control is aimed at the practicing engineer and graduate student in industrial engineering, operational research, and mechanical engineering. It is also a handy guide for advanced students in artificial intelligence and computer engineering.

Captures advances being made in the field of coronal magnetism, from theory to observations and instrumentation. This volume is a collection of research articles on the subject of the solar corona, and particularly, coronal magnetism. The book was motivated by the Workshop on Coronal Magnetism: Connecting Models to Data and the Corona to the Earth, which was held 21 - 23 May 2012 in Boulder, Colorado, USA. This workshop was attended by approximately 60 researchers. Articles from this meeting are contained in this topical issue, but the topical issue also contains contributions from researchers not present at the workshop. This volume is aimed at researchers and graduate students active in solar physics. Originally published in Solar Physics, Vol. 288, Issue 2, 2013 and Vol. 289, Issue 8, 2014.

One of the three major orthodox internal styles of Chinese martial arts (along with Xing Yi Quan and Tai Ji Quan), Bagua Zhang (or Ba Gua Zhang) is also one of the most ancient and revered. The first volume in a series of two on the form," Liu Bin's Zhuang Gong Bagua Zhang, Volume One, "is written from the perspective of a wise master who gives equal attention to Bagua's historical evolution and to the art and practice itself. A disciple of famous master Liu Xing Han and one who honed his skills for over 20 years under the same trees in Temple of Heaven Park as the originators of Bagua, Professor Zhang Jie is ideally suited for the task. He presents the fundamental theories of Bagua simply and clearly, in such a way that they comprise both a martial arts manual and a guide for everyday living. The idea of balance in all things is stressed throughout, as is the ancient Chinese philosophy that underlies Bagua. In addition to illustrations of the Bagua movements, the book contains previously unpublished historical photographs. Equally useful for novice and seasoned practitioners, as well as students of Chinese culture and history," Liu Bin's Zhuang Gong Bagua Zhang "immerses readers in all aspects of this important martial art.

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Web Services, ICWS 2018, held as Part of SCF 2018 in Seattle, WA, USA in June 2018. The 31 full papers together with 1 short paper published in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 116 submissions. They are organized in topical sections such as Web Services, RESTful web services, Web Services Description Langugage, Universal Description Discovery and Integration, Service discovery and interfaces, Domain-specific security and privacy architectures, Location bases services, Sercurity Services and Markup languages.

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Cloud Computing, CLOUD 2018, held as part of the Services Conference Federation, SCF 2018, in Seattle, WA, USA, in June 2018.The 26 full papers presented together with 3 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 108 submissions. They are organized in topical sections such as cloud computing; client-server architectures; distributed systems organizing principles; storage virtualization; virtual machines; cloud based storage; distributed architectures; network services; and computing platforms.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Mobile Services, AIMS 2018, held as part of SCF 2018, in Seattle, WA, USA, in June 2018. The 20 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers cover different aspects of mobile services from business management to computing systems, algorithms and applications. They promote technological technological innovations in research and development of mobile services, including, but not limited to, wireless and sensor networks, mobile and wearable computing, mobile enterprise and eCommerce, ubiquitous collaborative and social services, machine-to-machine and Internet-of-things, clouds, cyber-physical integration, and big data analytics for mobility-enabled services

Printed Organic And Molecular Electronics was compiled to create a reference that included existing knowledge from the most renowned industry, academic, and government experts in the fields of organic semiconductor technology, graphic arts printing, micro-contact printing, and molecular electronics. It is divided into sections that consist of the most critical topics required for one to develop a strong understanding of the states of these technologies and the paths for taking them from R&D to the hands of consumers on a massive scale. As such, the book provides both theory as well as technology development results and trends.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Mobile Services, AIMS 2019, held as part of SCF 2019, in San Diego, CA, USA, in June 2019. The 12 full papers and one short paper presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 29 submissions. The papers cover different aspects of mobile services from business management to computing systems, algorithms and applications. They promote technological technological innovations in research and development of mobile services, including, but not limited to, wireless and sensor networks, mobile and wearable computing, mobile enterprise and eCommerce, ubiquitous collaborative and social services, machine-to-machine and Internet-of-things, clouds, cyber-physical integration, and big data analytics for mobility-enabled services.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the International Conference on Cognitive Computing, ICCC 2019, held as part of SCF 2019, in San Diego, CA, USA, in June 2019. The 14 full and 3 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 42 submissions. The papers cover all aspects of Sensing Intelligence (SIJ as a Service (SlaaS). Cognitive Computing is a sensing-driven computing (SDC) scheme that explores and integrates intelligence from all types of senses in various scenarios and solution contexts

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Services Computing 2019, held as Part of SCF 2019 in San Diego, CA, USA in June 2019. The 9 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 15 submissions. They cover topics such as: foundations of services computing; scientific workflows; business process integration and management; microservices; modeling of services systems; service security and privacy; SOA service applications; and service lifecycle management.

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the 8th International Congress on BIGDATA 2019, held as Part of SCF 2019 in San Diego, CA, USA in June 2019. The 9 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 14 submissions. They cover topics such as: Big Data Models and Algorithms; Big Data Architectures; Big Data Management; Big Data Protection, Integrity and Privacy; Security Applications of Big Data; Big Data Search and Mining; Big Data for Enterprise, Government and Society.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th World Congress on Services, SERVICES 2019, held as part of the Services Conference Federation, SCF 2019, in San Diego, USA, in June 2019. The 11 full papers and 2 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 14 submissions. The papers cover topics in the field of software engineering foundations and applications with a focus on novel approaches for engineering requirements, design and architectures, testing, maintenance and evolution, model-driven development, software processes, metrics, quality assurance and new software economics models, search-based software engineering, benefiting day-to-day services sectors and derived through experiences, with appreciation to scale, pragmatism, transparency, compliance and/or dependability.

This book systematically presents the technical aspects of supercritical water oxidation and supercritical water gasification for energy and environmental applications, which include reactor design, construction materials, corrosion, salt precipitation, etc. The book provides a comprehensive introduction to the properties of supercritical water, and the industrial applications, reaction mechanisms and reaction kinetics of supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) and supercritical water gasification (SCWG). The reactions occurring in supercritical water are complex, and studying their reaction mechanisms is of great importance for the development of supercritical water processing technologies. Accordingly, the book explains the oxidative mechanisms and kinetics of organic matter in supercritical water in detail. However, the harsh reaction conditions in supercritical water can easily create severe reactor corrosion and salt deposition problems. Therefore, the book also comprehensively reports on the mechanism analysis, state of research, and development trends regarding these two problems. Lastly, the book summarizes the development of supercritical water processing technologies, including studies on SCWO and SCWG, as well as near-zero-emission systems of pollutants based on SCWO technology. In short, the book provides a wealth of valuable information for all readers who are interested in using SCWO for organic waste treatment, and in using SCWG for hydrogen production with wet biomass.

This book is the first study that addresses language policy and planning in the context of a major international sporting event and examines the ideological, political, social, cultural, and economic effects of such context-specific policy initiatives on contemporary China. The book presents some broader implications for current and future language policy makers, language educators and learners, particularly from non-English speaking backgrounds.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Blockchain, ICBC 2019, held as part of the Services Conference Federation, SCF 2019, in San Diego, CA, USA, in June 2019. The 13 full papers and 2 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 29 submissions. The papers cover a wide range of topics in blockchain technologies, platforms, solutions and business models such as new blockchain architecture, platform constructions, blockchain development and blockchain services technologies, as well as standards, and blockchain services innovation lifecycle including enterprise modeling, business consulting, solution creation, services orchestration, services optimization, services management, services marketing, business process integration and management.

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Cloud Computing, CLOUD 2019, held as part of the Services Conference Federation, SCF 2019, in San Diego, CA, USA, in June 2019. The 24 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 53 submissions. CLOUD has been a prime international forum for both researchers and industry practitioners to exchange the latest fundamental advances in the state of the art and practice of cloud computing, to identify emerging research topics, and to define the future of cloud computing. All topics regarding cloud computing align with the theme of CLOUD.

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Web Services, ICWS 2019, held as part of SCF 2019 in San Diego, CA, USA in June 2019. The 11 full papers together with 1 short paper published in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 31 submissions. ICWS has been a prime international forum for both researchers and industry practitioners to exchange the latest fundamental advances in the state of the art and practice of Web-based services, to identify emerging research topics, and to define the future of Web-based services. Topics include Internet services modeling, discovery, composition, testing, adaptation, delivery, as well as standards.

Prepared by the Computational Fluid Dynamics Task Committee of the Water Supply, Treatment and Distribution Engineering Committee of the Water, Wastewater, and Stormwater Council of the Environmental and Water Resources Institute of the American Society of Civil Engineers Computational Fluid Dynamics: Applications in Water, Wastewater, and Stormwater Treatment provides a valuable introduction and overview of computational fluid dynamics and how it can be used in the water and wastewater industry. This book reviews procedures for conducting flow, transport, and reaction simulations using computational fluid dynamics along with specific practical examples of water, wastewater, and stormwater treatment applications. Computational fluid dynamics has proven to be a valuable tool for designing new and retrofitting existing water, wastewater, and stormwater systems. The availability of ever-increasing computing power further spurs the adoption of computational fluid dynamics in engineering practice and academic research for water infrastructure. This book is organized into five parts, which cover Physical, chemical, and biological processes in water, wastewater, and stormwater treatment; Fundamentals of computational fluid dynamics; Water treatment technologies and CFD application case studies; Wastewater treatment technologies and CFD application case studies; and Stormwater treatment technologies and CFD application case studies. Computational Fluid Dynamics: Applications in Water, Wastewater, and Stormwater Treatment will be a valuable resource to those in the water and wastewater industry, especially water engineers and designers.