This is the first full-length scholarly narrative of sports from the fall of Rome to the end of the Middle Ages. Organized into ten chapters, the book discusses various aspects of sports and recreations in feudal society and provides a research tool for scholars and students interested in the sports history of the Middle Ages. The first chapter, "The Study of Medieval Sports and Recreations," the bibliographical essay, and the bibliography should be welcome aids to anyone with an interest in further research on the subject. After the beginning chapter on the historiography of sports in the Middle Ages, the book looks at the evidence of sports and recreations in late antiquity. Next the volume focuses on the close relationship between sports and war in feudal society and examines how knights of the High Middle Ages developed and promoted sports reputations. Subsequent chapters deal with sports and the church, sports reflected in art, peasant pastimes and women's recreations. "Sports Violence in Medieval Society," investigates the violence that sometimes accompanied sports or recreations. The last chapter highlights two medieval persons who have a relation to sports: William Fitzstephen, the twelfth-century writer who left a vivid account of London sports, and William Marshal, the famed tournament professional. The bibliographical essay and select bibliography close out the book. The work fills gaps in both the literature on medieval civilization and the literature of sports history.

This volume expands the debate over the origins and purposes of sports records. Developing the thesis of Allen Guttmann, Carter and Kruger explore the history and meaning of quantitative sports records in several pre-modern societies. After introductions by Guttmann and the editors, the book proceeds on a chronological study of evidence of sports records in ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome, medieval England, the Renaissance, Tudor and Elizabethan England, pre-modern Hawaii, and pre-modern Japan. The chapters that follow are thematic essays on various aspects of sports records and Ritual and Record concludes with Guttmann's response to the preceding chapters. Useful reference notes are provided within each chapter as well as in the bibliography. This book is essential reading for students of anthropology and the history of sports.

In the third and final book which he wrote about his campaigns in the Civil War, Caesar tells the story of his fight with Pompey in 48 B.C. which ended in the rout of the latter at Pharsalus, perhaps Caesar's most notable military victory. The book ends with Caesar pursuing Pompey to Egypt. Here began Caesar's celebrated affair with Cleopatra. At this point the book, and the whole work, ends abruptly.With this volume the author's edition and commentary on Caesar's Civil War becomes the first complete commentary in English for a hundred years and is considerably more detailed than currently available annotated texts and translations in other languages. The main emphasis of the commentary, as before, is historical, but Caesar's literary technique is also scrutinised. The Latin text is newly constituted with a brief apparatus criticus. Latin text with facing-page translation, introduction and commentary.