In this groundbreaking work, Kamal Sadiq reveals that most of the world's illegal immigrants are not migrating directly to the US, but to countries in the vast developing world. And when they arrive in countries like India and Malaysia - which are often governed by weak and erratic bureaucracies - they are able to obtain citizenship papers fairly easily. Sadiq breaks new ground introducing "documentary citizenship" to explain how paperwork - often falsely obtained - confers citizenship on illegal immigrants. Once immigrants obtain documents, Sadiq writes, it is a relatively simple matter for, say, an Afghan migrant with Pakistani papers to pass himself off as a Pakistani citizen both in Pakistan and abroad. Across the globe, there are literally tens of millions of such illegal immigrants who have assumed the guise of "citizens." Who, then, is really a citizen? And what does citizenship mean for most of the world's peoples? Rendered in vivid detail, Paper Citizens not only shows how illegal immigrants acquire false papers, but also sheds light on the consequences this will have for global security in the post 9/11 world.

In this groundbreaking work, Kamal Sadiq reveals that most of the world's illegal immigrants are not migrating directly to the US, but to countries in the vast developing world. And when they arrive in countries like India and Malaysia--which are often governed by weak and erratic bureaucracies--they are able to obtain citizenship papers fairly easily. Sadiq introduces "documentary citizenship" to explain how paperwork--often falsely obtained--confers citizenship on illegal immigrants. Once immigrants obtain documents, Sadiq writes, it is a relatively simple matter for, say, an Afghan migrant with Pakistani papers to pass himself off as a Pakistani citizen both in Pakistan and abroad. Across the globe, there are literally tens of millions of such illegal immigrants who have assumed the guise of "citizens." Who, then, is really a citizen? And what does citizenship mean for most of the world's peoples? Rendered in vivid detail, Paper Citizens not only shows how illegal immigrants acquire false papers, but also sheds light on the consequences this will have for global security in the post 9/11 world.

In careers that spanned six decades, Lloyd and Susanne Rudolph's rigorous and remarkably empathetic scholarship produced seminal insights about India's politics. With a profound grasp of social science theory and Indian politics, they developed an interpretive mode of political analysis centred on the complex processes by which people construct meaning and motivation for political action. This volume's eminent authors pay tribute to the Rudolphs' scholarship by examining its contribution to their own cutting-edge research as they advance the frontiers of the study of Indian politics and social science writ large. Their engaging essays analyse how 'situated knowledge' shapes discourse, moral imagination, political strategies, and institutional change. They illuminate how the interaction of caste, class, gender, and religion structures political mobilization; how changing social and political relations affect education policy and civil-military relations; and how political leadership is forging the future of politics in India.