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"Never again" stands as one the central pledges of the
international community following the end of the Second World War,
upon full realization of the massive scale of the Nazi
extermination programme. Genocide stands as an intolerable assault
on a sense of common humanity embodied in the Universal Declaration
of Human Rights and other fundamental international instruments,
including the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the
Crime of Genocide and the United Nations Charter. And yet, since
the Second World War, the international community has proven
incapable of effectively preventing the occurrence of more
genocides in places like Cambodia, Yugoslavia, Rwanda and Sudan. Is
genocide actually preventable, or is "ever again" a more accurate
catchphrase to capture the reality of this phenomenon? The essays
in this volume explore the complex nature of genocide and the
relative promise of various avenues identified by the international
community to attempt to put a definitive end to its occurrence.
Essays focus on a conceptualization of genocide as a social and
political phenomenon, on the identification of key actors
(Governments, international institutions, the media, civil society,
individuals), and on an exploration of the relative promise of
different means to prevent genocide (criminal accountability, civil
disobedience, shaming, intervention).
In this timely, informative edited volume, major Iranian scholars
and civic actors address some of the most pressing questions about
Iranian civil society and the process of democratization in Iran.
They describe the role of Iranian civil society in the process of
transition to democracy in Iran and offer insight about the
enduring legacy of previous social and political movements starting
with the Constitutional Revolution of 1906 in the struggle for
democracy in Iran. Each contributor looks at different aspects of
Iranian civil society to address the complex nature of the
political order in Iran and the possibilities for secularization
and democratization of the Iranian government. Various contributors
analyze the impact of religion on prevailing democratic thought,
discussing reformist religious movements and thinkers and the
demands of religious minorities. Others provide insight into the
democratic implications of recent Iranian women s rights movements,
call for secularism within government, and the pressure placed on
the existing theocracy by the working class. The contributors
address these and related issues in all their richness and
complexity and offer a set of discussions that is both accessible
and illuminating for the reader."
In this timely, informative edited volume, major Iranian scholars
and civic actors address some of the most pressing questions about
Iranian civil society and the process of democratization in Iran.
They describe the role of Iranian civil society in the process of
transition to democracy in Iran and offer insight about the
enduring legacy of previous social and political
movements--starting with the Constitutional Revolution of 1906-- in
the struggle for democracy in Iran. Each contributor looks at
different aspects of Iranian civil society to address the complex
nature of the political order in Iran and the possibilities for
secularization and democratization of the Iranian government.
Various contributors analyze the impact of religion on prevailing
democratic thought, discussing reformist religious movements and
thinkers and the demands of religious minorities. Others provide
insight into the democratic implications of recent Iranian women's
rights movements, call for secularism within government, and the
pressure placed on the existing theocracy by the working class.The
contributors address these and related issues in all their richness
and complexity and offer a set of discussions that is both
accessible and illuminating for the reader.
Could the prevailing view that genocide is the ultimate crime be
wrong? Is it possible that it is actually on an equal footing with
war crimes and crimes against humanity? Is the power of the word
genocide derived from something other than jurisprudence? And why
should a hierarchical abstraction assume such importance in
conferring meaning on suffering and injustice? Could reducing a
reality that is beyond reason and words into a fixed category
undermine the very progress and justice that such labelling
purports to achieve? For some, these questions may border on the
international law equivalent of blasphemy. This original and daring
book, written by a renowned scholar and practitioner who was the
first Legal Advisor to the UN Prosecutor at The Hague, is a probing
reflection on empathy and our faith in global justice.
This book contains a unique collection of essays written by
scholars from the former Yugoslavia, exploring the events that led
to the devastating disintegration of their homeland. The scholars,
who are from the different ethnic groups now in conflict, provide
insightful, multicultural perspectives on the crisis. The essays
lead readers to reconsider the assumptions behind the predominant
western views of the post-cold war order and the place of ethnic
conflict and ethnic nationalism in that order. Most of the authors
point to the causes of the federal breakup and the war that are
specific to the social, political, and economic situation of
Yugoslavia as it evolved since Tito. The existence of these causes,
largely ignored in western analysis of the crisis, questions the
view that conflicting or overlapping claims of different ethnic
groups must result in nationalism and national conflict. The
variety of viewpoints--by scholars from Bosnia-Herzegovina,
Croatia, Serbia, and Slovenia--provides a much-needed dialogue
about the combination of forces, events, and personalities that led
to the crisis and offers the opportunity to look ahead to a
brighter future for the region. This book is essential reading for
everyone who wants a better understanding of what caused the
breakup of Yugoslavia, as well as the more general problems of
nationalism and post-cold war international struggles. The
contributors are Vojin Dimitrijevic, University of Belgrade; Dusan
Janjic, University of Belgrade; Dusan Necak, University of
Ljubljana; Albina Necak Luk, University of Ljubljana; Zoran Pajic,
University of Sarajevo; Zarko Puhovski, University of Zagreb;
Milorad Pupovac, University of Zagreb; and DragomirVojnic,
University of Zagreb. Payam Akhavan is a legal adviser at the
International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia in the
Hague and was formerly a human rights investigator with the United
Nations in the former Yugoslavia. Robert Howse, assistant professor
of law at the University of Toronto, was Second Secretary at the
Canadian Embassy in Belgrade from 1984 to 1986.
"Never again" stands as one the central pledges of the
international community following the end of the Second World War,
upon full realization of the massive scale of the Nazi
extermination programme. Genocide stands as an intolerable assault
on a sense of common humanity embodied in the Universal Declaration
of Human Rights and other fundamental international instruments,
including the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the
Crime of Genocide and the United Nations Charter. And yet, since
the Second World War, the international community has proven
incapable of effectively preventing the occurrence of more
genocides in places like Cambodia, Yugoslavia, Rwanda and Sudan. Is
genocide actually preventable, or is "ever again" a more accurate
catchphrase to capture the reality of this phenomenon? The essays
in this volume explore the complex nature of genocide and the
relative promise of various avenues identified by the international
community to attempt to put a definitive end to its occurrence.
Essays focus on a conceptualization of genocide as a social and
political phenomenon, on the identification of key actors
(Governments, international institutions, the media, civil society,
individuals), and on an exploration of the relative promise of
different means to prevent genocide (criminal accountability, civil
disobedience, shaming, intervention).
Could the prevailing view that genocide is the ultimate crime be
wrong? Is it possible that it is actually on an equal footing with
war crimes and crimes against humanity? Is the power of the word
genocide derived from something other than jurisprudence? And why
should a hierarchical abstraction assume such importance in
conferring meaning on suffering and injustice? Could reducing a
reality that is beyond reason and words into a fixed category
undermine the very progress and justice that such labelling
purports to achieve? For some, these questions may border on the
international law equivalent of blasphemy. This original and daring
book, written by a renowned scholar and practitioner who was the
first Legal Advisor to the UN Prosecutor at The Hague, is a probing
reflection on empathy and our faith in global justice.
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