This is the first volume concerned with the phonological typology of syllable and word languages, based on the model of a complex, multi-layered and hierarchically structured phonological system. The main typological claim is that the phonetic and phonological make-up of a language depends on the relevance of the prosodic categories. In previous research, the syllable and the phonological word have already proved to be typologically important. The contributions in this volume discuss theoretical questions and address issues such as the variable structure of the phonological word, the interplay between phonetics and phonology as well as the effect of a language's phonological make-up on its morphology or lexicon. The volume provides detailed synchronic and diachronic analyses of (Non-)Indo-European languages which will serve as a basis for further typological research.

The book takes up the subject of dictionary use from the perspective of advanced learners. The study aims to explore the effects of the use of a monolingual learner's dictionary on students' performance in a complex comprehension task, i.e. the task of interpreting fragments with modified idioms, which often disrupt the fluent reading process. The theoretical part summarises the results of lexicographic research in the field of receptive dictionary use and discusses its methodological aspects. Moreover, it introduces relevant elements of the reading theory and analyses the nature of idiomatic expressions, their transformations in particular, from a psycholinguistic point of view. Finally, problems connected with the presentation of idioms in monolingual learner's dictionaries are highlighted. The major, empirical part reports on an experiment, whose aim was to find connections between the consultation process, the way of presenting lexicographic information on idioms, and comprehension scores. The results reveal a mildly positive influence of the monolingual learner's dictionary on reading comprehension performance. Among the reasons for underachievement were misinterpretation of entries and insufficient processing of dictionary information in context.

The articles collected in this volume encompass the outcomes of the conference "Media Convergence - Konwergencja Mediow - Medienkonvergenz", held at the Jesuit University "Ignatianum" in Cracow in March 2011. The Conference was organized by the Chair of Media and Social Communication of the Institute of Cultural Studies, founded in 2005. The aim of this interdisciplinary meeting of scholars from European academic centers was an attempt to answer the question what the phenomenon of convergence really is with regard to media, and how the permeation of media phenomena influences contemporary culture. The two-day debate included thematic blocks on literature and art, film, education, theater communication, and media communication. The interdisciplinary character of research is also the "guiding idea" of cultural studies at the Jesuit University "Ignatianum" in Cracow.

The subject of this volume is the far-reaching phonological change which the German language has gone through during its history and which has led to a fundamental typological reorientation of the language. Whereas Old High German was clearly assigned to the typological pole of syllable languages, Modern German has developed into a pronouncedword language that disregards the syllable. With the help of this typological model, all phonological changes can be described far more adequately than ever before. After introducing the concepts of syllable andword language, the volume moves on to describe the phonological-typological changes which have taken place in the history of the German language. Distinguishing features of this volume are its comprehensibility and numerous examples.