The Genetics and Genomics of the Brassicaceae provides a review of this important family (commonly termed the mustard family, or Cruciferae). The family contains several cultivated species, including radish, rocket, watercress, wasabi and horseradish, in addition to the vegetable and oil crops of the Brassica genus. There are numerous further species with great potential for exploitation in 21st century agriculture, particularly as sources of bioactive chemicals. These opportunities are reviewed, in the context of the Brassicaceae in agriculture. More detailed descriptions are provided of the genetics of the cultivated Brassica crops, including both the species producing most of the brassica vegetable crops (B. rapa and B. oleracea) and the principal species producing oilseed crops (B. napus and B. juncea). The Brassicaceae also include important "model" plant species. Most prominent is Arabidopsis thaliana, the first plant species to have its genome sequenced. Natural genetic variation is reviewed for A. thaliana, as are the genetics of the closely related A. lyrata and of the genus Capsella. Self incompatibility is widespread in the Brassicaceae, and this subject is reviewed. Interest arising from both the commercial value of crop species of the Brassicaceae and the importance of Arabidopsis thaliana as a model species, has led to the development of numerous resources to support research. These are reviewed, including germplasm and genomic library resources, and resources for reverse genetics, metabolomics, bioinformatics and transformation. Molecular studies of the genomes of species of the Brassicaceae revealed extensive genome duplication, indicative of multiple polyploidy events during evolution. In some species, such as Brassica napus, there is evidence of multiple rounds of polyploidy during its relatively recent evolution, thus the Brassicaceae represent an excellent model system for the study of the impacts of polyploidy and the subsequent process of diploidisation, whereby the genome stabilises. Sequence-level characterization of the genomes of Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica rapa are presented, along with summaries of comparative studies conducted at both linkage map and sequence level, and analysis of the structural and functional evolution of resynthesised polyploids, along with a description of the phylogeny and karyotype evolution of the Brassicaceae. Finally, some perspectives of the editors are presented. These focus upon the Brassicaceae species as models for studying genome evolution following polyploidy, the impact of advances in genome sequencing technology, prospects for future transcriptome analysis and upcoming model systems.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Frontiers of Combining Systems, FroCoS 2013, held in Nancy, France, in September 2013. The 20 revised full papers presented together with 4 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 33 submissions. FroCoS'13 seeks to offer a common forum for research in the general area of combination, modularization and integration of systems, with emphasis on logic-based ones, and of their practical use. Typical topics of interest include following subjects: combinations of logics such as combined predicate, temporal, modal or epistemic logics, combinations and modularity in ontologies, combination of decision, procedures, of satisfiability, procedures and of constraint solving techniques, combinations and modularity in term rewriting, integration of equational and other theories into deductive systems, combination of deduction systems and computer algebra, integration of data structures into constraint logic programming and deduction, and modularizing programs and specifications.

The Genetics and Genomics of the Brassicaceae provides a review of this important family (commonly termed the mustard family, or Cruciferae). The family contains several cultivated species, including radish, rocket, watercress, wasabi and horseradish, in addition to the vegetable and oil crops of the Brassica genus. There are numerous further species with great potential for exploitation in 21st century agriculture, particularly as sources of bioactive chemicals. These opportunities are reviewed, in the context of the Brassicaceae in agriculture. More detailed descriptions are provided of the genetics of the cultivated Brassica crops, including both the species producing most of the brassica vegetable crops (B. rapa and B. oleracea) and the principal species producing oilseed crops (B. napus and B. juncea). The Brassicaceae also include important "model" plant species. Most prominent is Arabidopsis thaliana, the first plant species to have its genome sequenced. Natural genetic variation is reviewed for A. thaliana, as are the genetics of the closely related A. lyrata and of the genus Capsella. Self incompatibility is widespread in the Brassicaceae, and this subject is reviewed. Interest arising from both the commercial value of crop species of the Brassicaceae and the importance of Arabidopsis thaliana as a model species, has led to the development of numerous resources to support research. These are reviewed, including germplasm and genomic library resources, and resources for reverse genetics, metabolomics, bioinformatics and transformation. Molecular studies of the genomes of species of the Brassicaceae revealed extensive genome duplication, indicative of multiple polyploidy events during evolution. In some species, such as Brassica napus, there is evidence of multiple rounds of polyploidy during its relatively recent evolution, thus the Brassicaceae represent an excellent model system for the study of the impacts of polyploidy and the subsequent process of diploidisation, whereby the genome stabilises. Sequence-level characterization of the genomes of Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica rapa are presented, along with summaries of comparative studies conducted at both linkage map and sequence level, and analysis of the structural and functional evolution of resynthesised polyploids, along with a description of the phylogeny and karyotype evolution of the Brassicaceae. Finally, some perspectives of the editors are presented. These focus upon the Brassicaceae species as models for studying genome evolution following polyploidy, the impact of advances in genome sequencing technology, prospects for future transcriptome analysis and upcoming model systems.

This volume contains the proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Automated Deduction (CADE-22). The conference was hosted by the School of Computer Science at McGill University, Montreal, Canada, during August 2-7, 2009. CADE is the major forum for the presentation of research in all aspects of automated deduction. Within this general topic the conference is devoted to foundations, applications, implementations and practical experiences. CADE was founded in 1974 when it was held in Argonne, USA. Since then CADE has been organized ?rst on a bi-annual basis mostly and since 1996 on an annual basis, in 2001, 2004, 2004, 2006 and 2008 as a constituent of IJCAR. This year the Program Committee selected 32 technical contributions out of 77 initial submissions. Of the selected papers 27 were regular papers and 5 were system papers. Each paper was refereed by at least three reviewers on its sign- icance, technical quality, originality, quality of presentation and relevance to the conference. The refereeing process and the Program Committee meeting were conducted electronically via the Internet using the EasyChair conference m- agement system. The program included three invited lectures by distinguished experts in the area: Instantiation-Based Automated Reasoning: From Theory to Practice by Konstantin Korovin(The Universityof Manchester, UK), Integrated Reasoning and Proof Choice Point Selection in the Jahob System: Mechanisms for Program Survival by Martin Rinard (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA), and Building Theorem Provers byMarkStickel(SRIInternational, U

The book constitutes the joint refereed proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Relational Methods in Computer Science, RelMiCS 2006, and the 4th International Workshop on Applications of Kleene Algebras, AKA 2006, held in Manchester, UK in August/September 2006. The 25 revised full papers presented together with two invited papers and the abstract of an invited talk were carefully reviewed and selected from 44 submissions.

The Semantic Web is one of the major current endeavours of applied computer science. The Semantic Web aims at enriching the existing Web with meta-data and processing methods so as to provide Web-based systems with advanced (- called intelligent) capabilities, in particular with context-awarenessand decision support. TheadvancedcapabilitiesrequiredinmostSemanticWebapplicationscen- ios primarily call for reasoning. Reasoning capabilities are o?ered by Semantic Web languages that are currently being developed. Most of these languages, however,are developed mainly from functionality-centred perspectives (e.g., - tology reasoning or access validation) or application-centred perspectives (e.g., Web service retrieval and composition). A perspective centred on the reasoning techniques complementing the above-mentioned activities appears desirable for Semantic Web systems and applications. The Summer School is devoted to this perspective. The "ReasoningWeb" series of annual Summer Schools was started in 2005 on behalf of the work package "Education and Training (ET)" of the Network of Excellence REWERSE. This year's edition focused on the use of semantic technologies to enhance data access on the Web. For this reason, courses presented a range of techniques and formalisms which bridge semantic-based and data-intensive systems.