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Different factors thought to have effect on the mortality of lambs
w.r.t. 3 breeds of sheep have been presented. Kacchi breed had the
highest lamb mortality (14.2%) followed by Thalli breed (11.9%)
while that of Pak-Karakul was the lowest (7.3%). Female lamb had
the highest overall mortality rate (10.2%) while that of male was
the lowest (8.8%). The lamb had the highest overall mortality rate
(36.7%) between age group of 91-120 days (3 months) while between
1-30 days (1 month) of age, mortality was the lowest (4.7%).The
lamb had the highest overall mortality rate (12.2%) during spring
while it was the lowest (5.5%) in summer. The lamb had the highest
overall mortality rate (43.7%) due to pneumonia followed by
gastro-enteritis (19.2%) and heat stroke (10.7%). The lamb had the
highest overall mortality rate (44.1%) of the dam having 3 years of
age followed by 4 years of age of dam (25.7%). Proper feeding of
the pregnant ewes, controlled breeding and better management before
lambing can play an important role in reducing the mortality.
Present manuscript determines prevalence, etiology and efficacy of
a therapeutic protocol against mastitis in she camels of central
Punjab-Pakistan. 400 milk samples (200 each from district
Faisalabad and Jhang) from udder quarters of different breeds were
collected. Surf Field Mastitis test was used to assess prevalence
of subclinical mastitis, which was, in Distt. Faisalabad 41.5%
while it was 38.5% in Distt. Jhang, while, clinical mastitis was 7%
in both the districts. Staphylococcus and streptococcus were the
major cause of mastitis. 12 different antibiotics were tested for
their sensitivity against the bacterial isolates recovered from the
milk samples of Mareecha, Desi and crossbred she camels.
Oxytetracycline was the most effective in vitro antibiotics.
Bacteriological cure rate was 64.2% and 78.75% of the treated
quarters of clinically mastitic she camels at the 7 and 14th days
of post treatment, while bacteriological cure rate in subclinical
mastitic dromedaries was 93.75% and 100% at the 7 and 14th days of
post treatment in both the districts. Combination therapy with
antibiotics proved effective in treatment of clinical and
subclinical mastitis in she camels.
Present manuscript reports about the factors affecting milk
production & composition & also points out the management
factors affecting udder health in traditionally managed
camels.Season of the year, parity & stage of lactation affected
significantly(p0.05) on milk acidity, parity significantly
affecting (p0.05) on %age protein, fat, lactose, acidity and SNF.
This study indicated that camels are reliable source of milk in
hostile regions & proper mastitis control program &
provision of adequate feed & water during extreme weather would
result in better production.
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