This book results from the authors work done on simulation based optimization problems at the Department of Mathematics, University of Trier, and reported in his postdoctoral thesis ("Habilitationsschrift") accepted by the Faculty-IV of this University in 2008. The focus of the work has been to develop mathematical methods and algorithms which lead to efficient and high performance computational techniques to solve such optimization problems in real-life applications. Systematic development of the methods and algorithms are presented here. Practical aspects of implementations are discussed at each level as the complexity of the problems increase, supporting with enough number of computational examples. It consists of two parts: first part deals with time dependent optimization problems with applications in environmental engineering and the second part deals with steady state optimization problems, in which the PDEs are solved using semi-iterative or pseudo-time-stepping techniques, with applications in aerodynamics.

This book will be useful for scientists and engineers who are looking for efficient numerical methods for PDE-constrained optimization problems. It will be helpful for graduate and Ph.D. students in applied mathematics, aerospace engineering, mechanical engineering, civil engineering and computational engineering during their training and research. This also will provide exciting research and development areas involving realistic applications.

With continuous development of modern computing hardware and applicable - merical methods, computational ?uid dynamics (CFD) has reached certain level of maturity so that it is being used routinely by scientists and engineers for ?uid ?ow analysis. Since most of the real-life applications involve some kind of optimization, it has been natural to extend the use of CFD tools from ?ow simulation to simu- tion based optimization. However, the transition from simulation to optimization is not straight forward, it requires proper interaction between advanced CFD meth- ologies and state-of-the-art optimization algorithms. The ultimate goal is to achieve optimal solution at the cost of few ?ow solutions. There is growing number of - search activities to achieve this goal. This book results from my work done on simulation based optimization problems at the Department of Mathematics, University of Trier, and reported in my postd- toral thesis ("Habilitationsschrift") accepted by the Faculty-IV of this University in 2008. The focus of the work has been to develop mathematical methods and - gorithms which lead to ef?cient and high performance computational techniques to solve such optimization problems in real-life applications. Systematic development of the methods and algorithms are presented here. Practical aspects of implemen- tions are discussed at each level as the complexity of the problems increase, suppo- ing with enough number of computational examples.