A panoramic collection of essays written by both established and emerging scholars, American Discord examines critical aspects of the Civil War era, including rhetoric and nationalism, politics and violence, gender, race, and religion. Beginning with an overview of the political culture of the 1860s, the collection reveals that most Americans entered the decade opposed to political compromise. Essays from Megan L. Bever, Glenn David Brasher, Lawrence A. Kreiser Jr., and Christian McWhirter discuss the rancorous political climate of the day and the sense of racial superiority woven into the political fabric of the era. Shifting focus to the actual war, Rachel K. Deale, Lindsay Rae Privette, Adam H. Petty, and A. Wilson Greene contribute essays on internal conflict, lack of compromise, and commitment to white supremacy. Here, contributors adopt a broad understanding of ""battle,"" considering environmental effects and the impact of the war after the battles were over. Essays by Laura Mammina and Charity Rakestraw and Kristopher A. Teters reveal that while the war blurred the boundaries, it ultimately prompted Americans to grasp for the familiar established hierarchies of gender and race. Examinations of chaos and internal division suggest that the political culture of Reconstruction was every bit as contentious as the war itself. Former Confederates decried the barbarity of their Yankee conquerors, while Republicans portrayed Democrats as backward rubes in need of civilizing. Essays by Kevin L. Hughes, Daniel J. Burge, T. Robert Hart, John F. Marszalek, and T. Michael Parrish highlight Americans' continued reliance on hyperbolic rhetoric. American Discord embraces a multifaceted view of the Civil War and its aftermath, attempting to capture the complicated human experiences of the men and women caught in the conflict. These essays acknowledge that ordinary people and their experiences matter, and the dynamics among family members, friends, and enemies have far-reaching consequences.

Cognitive therapy is fast becoming one of the more popular and well respected forms of psychotherapy. In both research and clinical practice, several advantages of cognitive therapy have been identified. Cognitive therapy is structured enough to provide a therapeutic framework for clinicians, as well as a theoretical framework for clinical researchers, yet flexible enough to address an individual's problems in a highly idio syncratic manner. Accompanying the popularity of cognitive therapy is the expansion of its application beyond the areas in which it was initially developed and validated (the "traditional" areas of depression and anx iety) to areas where validation has not yet occurred (the "nontraditional" areas). We strongly believe that such broadening of cognitive therapy should be encouraged, but that conceptual models to guide the therapist and researcher in these areas should be explicated. It is the purpose of this text to provide a conceptual framework for dealing with select, nontraditional populations. The idea and motivation for this text develops from a cognitive therapy interest group in Toronto. All of the authors contributing to this text are involved in this group. We represent a group of cognitive thera pists functioning in a variety of diverse settings, including clinical re search units, general hospital settings, private or public rehabilitation centers, and private practices. Thus, the diversity of referrals for cogni tive therapy within our group is great."

The fraught relationship between Abraham Lincoln and George McClellan is well known, so much so that many scholars rarely question the standard narrative casting the two as foils, with the Great Emancipator inevitably coming out on top over his supposedly feckless commander. In Conflict of Command, acclaimed Civil War historian George C. Rable rethinks that stance, providing a new understanding of the interaction between the president and his leading wartime general by reinterpreting the political aspects of their partnership. Rable pays considerable attention to Lincoln's cabinet, Congress, and newspaper editorials, revealing the role each played in shaping the dealings between the two men. While he surveys McClellan's military campaigns as commander of the Army of the Potomac, Rable focuses on the political fallout of the fighting rather than the tactical details. This broadly conceived approach highlights the army officers and enlisted men who emerged as citizen-soldiers and political actors. Most accounts of the Lincoln-McClellan feud solely examine one of the two individuals, and the vast majority adopt a steadfast pro-Lincoln position. Taking a more neutral view, Rable deftly shows how the relationship between the two developed in a political context and ultimately failed spectacularly, profoundly altering the course of the Civil War itself.

Freud's Theory of Dreams: A Philosophico-Scientific Perspective evaluates Freud's theory of dreams in light of the many philosophical and scientific criticisms that have been brought against it. Michael T. Michael addresses the validity of Freud's method of dream interpretation, the scientific nature of the theory, and how Freud's ideas bear up to modern research on dreams, engaging on the way with critics such as Ludwig Wittgenstein, Clark Glymour, Karl Popper, Adolf Grunbaum, and J. Allan Hobson. Michael reaches beyond the traditional "for" and "against" polarity to offer a more balanced perspective on Freud's theory. He argues that reports of the demise of Freud's theory have been greatly exaggerated, and instead the theory is a live hypothesis fully deserving of continued scientific exploration.

This book presents an insider's view of the federal government's dual mission to stop the flow of illegal drugs across our borders and to prevent streams of drug money from financing drug cartels, insurgents, and terrorists. Andrews focuses on current challenges facing federal drug enforcement agencies, how our strategies for enforcement have been redirected since 9/11, and why we require different strategies along our northern and southern borders and our ports of entry. This guide's aim is to provide an operational view of drug enforcement to policymakers, law enforcement officials, think tanks examining drug interdiction issues, and military officials who assist federal law enforcement efforts. The Border Challenge will also be of interest to students of international development and social change and the next generation of criminal justice and law enforcement officials.

Cognitive therapy is fast becoming one of the more popular and well respected forms of psychotherapy. In both research and clinical practice, several advantages of cognitive therapy have been identified. Cognitive therapy is structured enough to provide a therapeutic framework for clinicians, as well as a theoretical framework for clinical researchers, yet flexible enough to address an individual's problems in a highly idio syncratic manner. Accompanying the popularity of cognitive therapy is the expansion of its application beyond the areas in which it was initially developed and validated (the "traditional" areas of depression and anx iety) to areas where validation has not yet occurred (the "nontraditional" areas). We strongly believe that such broadening of cognitive therapy should be encouraged, but that conceptual models to guide the therapist and researcher in these areas should be explicated. It is the purpose of this text to provide a conceptual framework for dealing with select, nontraditional populations. The idea and motivation for this text develops from a cognitive therapy interest group in Toronto. All of the authors contributing to this text are involved in this group. We represent a group of cognitive thera pists functioning in a variety of diverse settings, including clinical re search units, general hospital settings, private or public rehabilitation centers, and private practices. Thus, the diversity of referrals for cogni tive therapy within our group is great."

In August, 1985, the 2nd International Conference on Illness Behaviour was held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The first International Conference took place one year previous in Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. This book is based on the proceedings of the second conference. The purpose behind this conference was to facilitate the development of a single integrated model to account for illness experience and presentation. A major focus of the conference was to outline methodological issues related to current behaviour research. A multidiscipl nary approach was emphasized because of the bias that collaborative efforts are likely to be the most successful in achieving greater understanding of illness behaviour. Significant advances in our knowledge are occurring in all areas of the biological and social sciences, albeit more slowly in the latter areas. Marked specialization in each of these areas has lead to greater difficulty in integrating new knowledge with that of other areas and the development of a meaningful cohesive model to which all can relate. Thus there is a major need for forums such as that provided by this conference.

The Systems of the Body series has established itself as a highly valuable resource for medical and other health science students following today's systems-based courses. Now thoroughly revised and updated in this third edition, each volume presents the core knowledge of basic science and clinical conditions that medical students need, providing a concise, fully integrated view of each major body system that can be hard to find in more traditionally arranged textbooks or other resources. Multiple case studies help relate key principles to current practice, with links to clinical skills, clinical investigation and therapeutics made clear throughout. Each (print) volume also now comes with access to the complete, enhanced eBook version, offering easy anytime, anywhere access - as well as self-assessment material to check your understanding and aid exam preparation. The Nervous System provides highly accessible coverage of the core basic science principles in the context of clinical case histories, giving the reader a fully integrated understanding of the system and its major diseases. Organization of the Nervous System Elements of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Clinical Assessment The Spinal Cord Pain and Analgesia Cranial Nerves and the Brainstem The Visual System Hearing and Balance: The Auditory and Vestibular Systems Motor Systems I: Descending Pathways and Cerebellum Motor Systems II: The Basal Ganglia Stroke and Head Injury Infection in the Central Nervous System Epilepsy Dementia Schizophrenia and Neurodevelopmental Disorders Depression and Anxiety Addiction Systems of the Body Series: The Renal System The Musculoskeletal System The Nervous System The Digestive System The Endocrine System The Respiratory System The Cardiovascular System

With the aim of providing an international forum for the communication of both the basic and clinical aspects of molecular and cellular biology of cancer, a NATO ASl was held in Porto Carras, Halkidiki, Greece, September 1-12, 1995. The principles as well as recent developments in tumor biology were discussed in depth, with emphasis on the regulation of the cell cycle, differentiation, programmed cell death (apoptosis) and genetics of cancer. This book constitutes the proceedings of that meeting. Specifically, the following areas were addressed: (a) enzymes and proteins (cyclins) that control the cell cycle, as well as the role of m as gene in meiosis and transformation; (b) the structural basis for specificity in protein-tyrosine kinase reactions; (c) the differentiation of normal as well as neoplastic cells with respect to molecular mechanism(s) by which chemical agents or growth factors trigger maturation; (d) phenotypic and genetic aspects of apoptosis; (e) the role of growth factors, like IGF-l, FGF, TN, IL-6, etc. , in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis (cell death) and senescence; (f) molecular mechanisms of transcriptional activation of globin genes and stability of mRNAs related to growth proteins and iron metabolism; (g) the cellular and molecular biology of bone marrow hemopoiesis; and (h) neurotrophic factors and the generation of cellular diversity in the central nervous system. It was obvious from the studies presented that neoplastic cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis in many cell types are regulated at several levels.

Take control of IBS so
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IBS Relief, Second Edition is an extensively updated, hands-on guide to help you manage your symptoms and limit the frequency, intensity, and duration of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) episodes. Written by a doctor, a dietitian, and a psychologist, this guide gives you a multidisciplinary approach encompassing every proven strategy for managing IBS, including new drug therapies and stress management techniques.
This book won't confuse you with medical terminology--IBS is confounding enough. Instead, the book contains questionnaires, lists, diaries, stress and food tolerance tests, and other tools to help you determine the pattern of your symptoms, identify triggers, and take appropriate action. You'll learn how to manage your problem based on your specific symptoms. Approaches include:
* A three-step process for managing irritable bowel through healthy eating
* Recommended diet adjustments for the six most common IBS symptoms
* Three stress-management strategies, including specific techniques for calming the body, calming the mind, and confronting stress
* Three steps to controlling pain

This book gives you the tools, the techniques, and the information you need to make specific lifestyle and diet changes that can bring real relief.

This textbook puts design at the center of introducing students to the course in mass and energy balances in chemical engineering. Employers and accreditations increasingly stress the importance of design in the engineering curriculum, and design-driven analysis will motivate students to dig deeply into the key concepts of the field. The second edition has been completely revised and updated. It introduces the central steps in design and three methods of analysis: mathematical modeling, graphical methods, and dimensional analysis. Students learn how to apply engineering skills, such as how to simplify calculations through assumptions and approximations; how to verify calculations, significant figures, spreadsheets, graphing (standard, semi-log and log-log); and how to use data maps, in the contexts of contemporary chemical processes such as the hydrogen economy, petrochemical and biochemical processes, polymers, semiconductors, and pharmaceuticals.

This representative survey of sexual behaviour in the general population of America offers basic information about topics such as the transmission of AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases, unwanted pregnancies, child abuse, sexual harassment and sexual violence. Conducted by a research team centred at the University of Chicago, the National Health and Social Life Survey (NHSLS) was designed to determine not only incidence and prevalence of sexual practices, but also the social and psychological contexts in which they occur. Based on personal interviews with a probability sample of 3432 American women and men between the ages of 18 and 59, this study explores the extent to which sexual conduct and general attitudes toward sexuality are influenced by gender, age, marital status and other demographic characteristics. Some of the questions the researchers address include: how do social factors such as education, race, and religion affect sexual conduct?; how have American sexual patterns been changing?; how do women's and men's sexual lives and attitudes differ?; and how is sexual behaviour organized across the life course? Other topics covered by the survey include early sexual experiences, masturbation, contraception and fertility, sexual abuse, coercion, sexual health, satisfaction and sexual dysfunction. A wide variety of sexual practices and preferences are also explored in the questionnaire, including specific questions on homosexual desire, identity, and behaviour, the appeal of various sexual practices, and their frequency and incorporation into sexual lives. With many charts, graphs and tables, and a copy of the complete survey questionnaire, this work is intended to be of use as a reference for scientists, analysts and researchers seeking reliable information on the sexual practices of American adults.

For those wanting to retain language abilities for research or recreation, this volume contains the Gospel of Luke and the Book of Acts in interlinear and parallel formats in Hebrew, Latin, Greek, English, German, and French.

Finalist for the Lincoln Prize! Traditional histories of the Civil War describe the conflict as a war between North and South. Kenneth W. Noe suggests it should instead be understood as a war between the North, the South, and the weather. In The Howling Storm, Noe retells the history of the conflagration with a focus on the ways in which weather and climate shaped the outcomes of battles and campaigns. He further contends that events such as floods and droughts affecting the Confederate home front constricted soldiers' food supply, lowered morale, and undercut the government's efforts to boost nationalist sentiment. By contrast, the superior equipment and open supply lines enjoyed by Union soldiers enabled them to cope successfully with the South's extreme conditions and, ultimately, secure victory in 1865. Climate conditions during the war proved unusual, as irregular phenomena such as El Niño, La Niña, and similar oscillations in the Atlantic Ocean disrupted weather patterns across southern states. Taking into account these meteorological events, Noe rethinks conventional explanations of battlefield victories and losses, compelling historians to reconsider long-held conclusions about the war. Unlike past studies that fault inflation, taxation, and logistical problems for the Confederate defeat, his work considers how soldiers and civilians dealt with floods and droughts that beset areas of the South in 1862, 1863, and 1864. In doing so, he addresses the foundational causes that forced Richmond to make difficult and sometimes disastrous decisions when prioritizing the feeding of the home front or the front lines. The Howling Storm stands as the first comprehensive examination of weather and climate during the Civil War. Its approach, coverage, and conclusions are certain to reshape the field of Civil War studies.

Choices matter. And in your teens and twenties, some of the biggest life decisions come about when you feel the least prepared to tackle them. Economist Robert T. Michael won't tell you what to choose. Instead, he'll show you how to make smarter choices. Michael focuses on five critical decisions we all face about college, career, partners, health, and parenting. He uses these to demonstrate how the science of scarcity and choice concepts used to guide major business decisions and shape national legislation can offer a solid foundation for our own lives. Employing comparative advantage can have a big payoff when picking a job. Knowing how to work the marketplace can minimize uncertainty when choosing a partner. And understanding externalities the ripple of results from our actions can clarify the if and when of having children. Michael also brings in data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, a scientific sample of 18 million millennials in the United States that tracks more than a decade of young adult choices and consequences. As the survey's longtime principal investigator and project director, Michael shows that the aggregate decisions can help us understand what might lie ahead along many possible paths offering readers insights about how their own choices may turn out. There's no singular formula for always making the right choice. But the adaptable framework and rich data at the heart of The Five Life Decisions will help you feel confident in whatever you decide.