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Spatio-temporal expression of insecticidal gene (Cry1Ac& Cry2A)
in pre existing lines of transgenic cotton was studied. Seasonal
decline in expression of genes differed significantly among
different cotton lines tested in the field conditions. The leaves
of the Bt cotton plants were found to have the highest levels of
toxin expression followed by squares, bolls, anthers and petals.
Expression of the genes decreased consistently with the age of
plants. Toxin expression in fruiting parts was not enough to confer
full resistance against bollworms. The reduction in efficacy of
transgenic cotton plants late in the season was attributed to
reduction in promoter activity. For this purpose, Rubisco small
subunit promoter was isolated from Gossypium arboreum that was
further cloned upstream of Cry1Ac in expression vector pCAMBIA
1301. A local cotton cultivar was transformed with Cry1Ac driven by
rbcS promoter. The same cotton cultivar was also transformed with
Cry1Ac gene driven by 35SCaMV promoter to compare the expression
pattern of insecticidal gene under two different promoters. The
results showed that rbcS is an efficient promoter to drive Bt gene
expression in cotton.
Abiotic stresses is a major limiting factor in plant growth.
Drought is a serious problem that affects many regions of the
world, decreasing the productivity of crops worldwide. Cotton is
the most valuable textile fiber crop and second oilseed crop in the
world. Agriculture is the largest sector of Pakistan's economy
contributing 21% GDP. Fiber yield and lint quality is limited by
drought stress after bloom. In the present work by using different
molecular biological techniques six drought responsive transcripts
and three full length genes have been identified from desi cotton.
Their expression is also checked which showed significant over
expression of these genes in drought stressed leaves as compared to
control. Two genes were transformed into commercial cultivar of
cotton. This work has a great impact on economy of Pakistan and
will help to develop drought tolerant cotton varieties. It is need
of time to develop drought tolerant crops as water shortage is
becoming the major problem for the whole world.
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