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This study is a reconsideration of Jan Hus, a late medieval
Bohemian priest who was burned at the stake six hundred years ago.
His death sparked a social revolution. This book considers his role
as a priest and reformer in Prague, his martyrdom in Germany, and
his legacy. It attempts to provide an evaluation of Hus in the
context of the medieval world, especially by engaging in
alternative perspectives of his life and work. The core themes and
arguments are revisionist. These include seeing Hus properly as a
heretic, exploring Hus as a medieval man interested in more than
preaching, religious practice, and reform. The book sets out to
challenge traditional assumptions and seeks less to contribute to
monument-building than to challenge the prevailing views about Hus
and the interpretation of his life and thought. A conscious effort
has been undertaken to explore the historical relevancy of Hus and
to assess his contemporary significance. The book also places Hus
into a comparative context with the Reformation of the sixteenth
century.
This book examines the broad varieties of religious belief,
religious practices, and the influence of religion within medieval
society. Religion in the Middle Ages was not monolithic. Medieval
religion and the Latin Church are not synonymous. While theology
and liturgy are important, an examination of animal trials,
gargoyles, last judgments, various aspects of the medieval
underworld, and the quest for salvation illuminate lesser known
dimensions of religion in the Middle Ages. Several themes run
throughout the book including visual culture, heresy and heretics,
law and legal procedure, along with sexuality and an awareness of
mentalities and anxieties. Although an expanse of 800 years has
passed, the remains of those other Middle Ages can be seen today,
forcing us to reassess our evaluations of this alluring and often
overlooked past.
The Magnificent Ride examines the social and religious dimensions
of the Hussite revolutionary movement in 15th-century Bohemia. It
argues that 'the magnificent ride' was, in fact, the first
reformation, and not merely a precursor to the reformations of the
16th century. The religious revival which had begun in Prague in
the later middle ages reached its zenith in the period between Jan
Hus and the Council of Basel. This book reconstructs the Hussite
myth and shows how that myth evolved into the historical phenomenon
of heresy. Acts of heretical practice in Bohemia, condemnation of
Jan Hus, defiance of ecclesiastical authority and attempts by the
official church to deal with the dissenters are fascinating
chapters in the history of late medieval Europe.
The Hussite movement in Bohemia is an essential component for
understanding the general history of medieval Europe and the
Hussite period is a critical event for the development of western
civilization. Matthew Spinka and Howard Kaminsky stand at the
forefront of scholarship introducing this subject to the Anglophone
world. The author argues their role in the religious historiography
of late medieval Europe is a precursor to global medievalism.
Combining commitment to the Christian faith with firm opposition to
the Soviet-mandated Marxist-Communist ideology that dominated
twentieth-century Czechoslovakia, Spinka strove to present Jan Hus
as a medieval figure driven by religious devotion. Motivated by
Jewish atheism and a modified form of Marxist analysis, Kaminsky
rescued the medieval Hussites from oblivion, and political agendas,
and presented them to the English-reading world. The author
explores biography, history, and historiography as an essential
intellectual segue between late medieval Hussites and modern
scholarship. The book takes into account salient biographical
details, provides an evaluation of the work of both historians,
elaborates their methods, assesses their interpretations, and
analyzes their historiographical significance for the study of
Hussite history. This book is also a valuable contribution to
understanding the writing of history.
This selection of over 200 texts, nearly all appearing for the
first time in English translation, provides a close-up look at the
crusades against the Hussite heretics of 15th-century Bohemia, from
the perspective of the official Church - or at their struggles for
religious freedom, from the Hussites' own point of view. It also
throws light on the meaning of the crusading movement and on the
nature of warfare in the late Middle Ages. There is no single
documentary account of the conflict, but the riveting events can be
reconstructed from a wide range of contemporary sources:
chronicles, sermons, manifestos, songs, bulls, imperial
correspondence, military and diplomatic communiques, liturgy,
military ordinances, trade embargos, epic poems, letters from the
field, Jewish documents, speeches, synodal proceedings, and
documents from popes, bishops, emperors and city councils. These
texts reveal the zeal and energy of the crusaders but also their
deep disunity, growing frustration and underlying fears - and
likewise the heresy, determination and independence of the
Hussites. Five times the cross was preached and the vastly superior
forces of the official church and the empire marched into Bohemia
to suppress the peasant armies. Five times they were humiliated and
put to flight.
The Hussite Chronicle is the most important single narrative source
for the events of the early Hussite movement. The author is
Laurence of Brezova (c.1370-c.1437), a member of the Czech lower
nobility and a supporter of the Hussite creed. The movement arose
as an initiative for religious and social reform in
fifteenth-century Bohemia and was energized by the burning of the
priest Jan Hus in 1415. Church and empire attempted to suppress the
movement and raised five crusades against the dissenters. The
chronicle offers to history and scholarship a nuanced understanding
of what can be regarded as an essential component for a proper
understanding of late medieval religion. It is also a considered
account of aspects of the later crusades. This is the first
English-language translation of the chronicle.
The followers of the martyred Bohemian priest Jan Hus (1371-1415)
formed one of the greatest challenges to the medieval Latin Church.
Branded as heretics, outlawed, then forced to fight for their faith
as well as their lives, the Hussites occupy one of the most
colorful and challenging chapters of European religious history.
The essays reprinted in this book (along with one here first
published in English and additional notes) explore the essence of
the early Hussite movement by focusing on the nature and
development of heresy both as accusation and identity. Heresy and
Hussites in Late Medieval Europe first examines the definition of
heresy, and its comparative nature across Europe. It investigates
the unique practices of popular religion in local communities,
while examining theology and its unavoidable conflicts. The
repressive policy of crusade and the growth of martyrdom with its
inevitable contribution to the formation of Hussite history is
explored. The social application of religious ideas, its
revolutionary outcomes, along with the intentional use of art in
pedagogy and propaganda, situates the Czech heretics in the
fifteenth century. An examination of leading personalities,
together with the eventual and more formal church administration,
rounds out the study of this remarkable era.
The followers of the martyred Bohemian priest Jan Hus (1371-1415)
formed one of the greatest challenges to the medieval Latin Church.
Branded as heretics, outlawed, then forced to fight for their faith
as well as their lives, the Hussites occupy one of the most
colorful and challenging chapters of European religious history.
The essays reprinted in this book (along with one here first
published in English and additional notes) explore the essence of
the early Hussite movement by focusing on the nature and
development of heresy both as accusation and identity. Heresy and
Hussites in Late Medieval Europe first examines the definition of
heresy, and its comparative nature across Europe. It investigates
the unique practices of popular religion in local communities,
while examining theology and its unavoidable conflicts. The
repressive policy of crusade and the growth of martyrdom with its
inevitable contribution to the formation of Hussite history is
explored. The social application of religious ideas, its
revolutionary outcomes, along with the intentional use of art in
pedagogy and propaganda, situates the Czech heretics in the
fifteenth century. An examination of leading personalities,
together with the eventual and more formal church administration,
rounds out the study of this remarkable era.
This selection of over 200 texts, nearly all appearing for the
first time in English translation, provides a close-up look at the
crusades against the Hussite heretics of 15th-century Bohemia, from
the perspective of the official Church - or at their struggles for
religious freedom, from the Hussites' own point of view. It also
throws light on the meaning of the crusading movement and on the
nature of warfare in the late Middle Ages. There is no single
documentary account of the conflict, but the riveting events can be
reconstructed from a wide range of contemporary sources:
chronicles, sermons, manifestos, songs, bulls, imperial
correspondence, military and diplomatic communiques, liturgy,
military ordinances, trade embargos, epic poems, letters from the
field, Jewish documents, speeches, synodal proceedings, and
documents from popes, bishops, emperors and city councils. These
texts reveal the zeal and energy of the crusaders but also their
deep disunity, growing frustration and underlying fears - and
likewise the heresy, determination and independence of the
Hussites. Five times the cross was preached and the vastly superior
forces of the official church and the empire marched into Bohemia
to suppress the peasant armies. Five times they were humiliated and
put to flight.
This book examines the broad varieties of religious belief,
religious practices, and the influence of religion within medieval
society. Religion in the Middle Ages was not monolithic. Medieval
religion and the Latin Church are not synonymous. While theology
and liturgy are important, an examination of animal trials,
gargoyles, last judgments, various aspects of the medieval
underworld, and the quest for salvation illuminate lesser known
dimensions of religion in the Middle Ages. Several themes run
throughout the book including visual culture, heresy and heretics,
law and legal procedure, along with sexuality and an awareness of
mentalities and anxieties. Although an expanse of 800 years has
passed, the remains of those other Middle Ages can be seen today,
forcing us to reassess our evaluations of this alluring and often
overlooked past.
The Hussite Chronicle is the most important single narrative source
for the events of the early Hussite movement. The author is
Laurence of Brezova (c.1370-c.1437), a member of the Czech lower
nobility and a supporter of the Hussite creed. The movement arose
as an initiative for religious and social reform in
fifteenth-century Bohemia and was energized by the burning of the
priest Jan Hus in 1415. Church and empire attempted to suppress the
movement and raised five crusades against the dissenters. The
chronicle offers to history and scholarship a nuanced understanding
of what can be regarded as an essential component for a proper
understanding of late medieval religion. It is also a considered
account of aspects of the later crusades. This is the first
English-language translation of the chronicle.
Six hundred years ago, the Czech priest Jan Hus (1371-1415)
traveled out of Bohemia, never to return. After a five-year legal
ordeal that took place in Prague, in the papal curia, and finally
in southern Germany, the case of Jan Hus was heard by one of the
largest and most magnificent church gatherings in medieval history:
the Council of Constance. Hus was burned alive as a stubborn and
disobedient heretic before a huge audience. His trial sparked
intense reactions and opinions ranging from satisfaction to
condemnations of judicial murder. Thomas A. Fudge offers the first
English-language examination of the indictment, relevant canon law,
and questions of procedural legality concerning Jan Hus and the
Holy See. In the modern world, there is instinctive sympathy for a
man burned alive for his convictions, and it is presumed that any
court sanctioning such action must have been irregular. Was Hus
guilty of heresy? Were his doctrinal convictions contrary to
established ideas espoused by the Latin Church? Was his trial
legal? Despite its historical significance and the strong reactions
it provoked, the trial of Jan Hus has never before been the subject
of a thorough legal analysis or assessed against prevailing
canonical legislation and procedural law in the later Middle Ages.
The Trial of Jan Hus shows how this popular and successful priest
became a criminal suspect and a convicted felon, and why he was
publicly executed, providing critical insight into what may be
characterized as the most significant heresy trial of the Middle
Ages.
The life and work of Jerome of Prague has been overlooked outside
Czech historiography, but it represents an important chapter in the
understanding of late medieval European history. Thomas A. Fudge
makes a case for the central importance of Jerome, peer of Jan Hus,
by reconstructing his biography using the original Latin and Czech
sources and drawing significantly upon German, French, English and
Czech scholarship. The book traces the development of his life,
paying special attention to the controversies he caused at the
universities of Paris, Cologne, Heidelberg, Vienna, and Prague. Of
particular note are the two heresy trials in which Jerome was a
defendant (Vienna 1410 and Constance 1415/16). Fudge situates
Jerome within the philosophical conflicts of the late fourteenth
and early fifteenth centuries. He argues that Jerome is not only an
important component in the intellectual history of the Middle Ages,
and a leading personality in the church's war on heresy, but that
he is also an essential influence on the development of the Hussite
movement in Bohemia. As the Italian humanist Poggio Bracciolini
remarked after hearing Jerome speak at the Council of Constance in
1416, "this was a man to remember." Jerome of Prague and the
Foundations of the Hussite Movement brings to life a little known
but indisputably significant figure of the late Middle Ages.
The United Pentecostal Church-sponsored Conquerors Bible College
was founded in Portland, Oregon in 1953. It closed abruptly in
1983. The denomination attributed the failure of the college to
financial causes. Heretics and Politics argues that the financial
crisis at CBC was rooted in theological controversy, church
politics, conflicting models of education, and sustained suspicions
of heresy. In seeking to delineate the several factors which
destroyed CBC, historian Thomas A. Fudge has looked closely at the
context, critically assessed a wide range of surviving documents,
and taken into account the diversity of oral history. The narrative
is neither an institutional history nor a biographical account.
Instead, it explores the challenge of formal education within the
UPC and evaluates the politics of change within that denomination
in the Pacific Northwest. Both issues are assessed through the
prism of CBC. The story of the last days of CBC illuminates
important developments in the Pacific Northwest. The story is told
against the broader canvas of events transpiring within American
religious history. Heretics and Politics is the first book to deal
with any aspect of the history of CBC. Its probing narrative
chronicles both institutional upheaval and personal tragedy.
A study of the doctrine of salvation in the United Pentecostal
Church and its immediate historical antecedents with a focus on the
Pentecostal Church, Incorporated and prominent ministers such as
Goss, Greer, Yadon, Gurley, Jacques, Stairs, Wickens and Paterson.
A century before Martin Luther and the Reformation, Jan Hus
confronted the official Church and helped to change the face of
medieval Europe. A key figure in the history of Europe and
Christianity and a catalyst for religious reform and social
revolution, Jan Hus was poised between tradition and innovation.
Taking a stand against the perceived corruption of the Church, his
continued defiance led to his excommunication and he was ultimately
burned at the stake in 1415. What role did he play in shaping
Medieval Europe? And what is his legacy for today? In this
important and timely book Thomas A. Fudge explores Jan Hus, the
man, his work and his legacy. Beginning his career at Prague
University, this brilliant Bohemian preacher was soon catapulted by
virtue of his radical and popular theology to the forefront of
European affairs. This book fills a real gap in contemporary
understanding of the medieval Church and offers an accessible and
authoritative account of a most significant individual and his role
in history. Jan Hus belongs to the pantheon of extraordinary
figures from medieval religious history. His story is one of
triumph and tragedy in a time of chaos and change.
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