Blast Mitigation: Experimental and Numerical Studies covers both experimental and numerical aspects of material and structural response to dynamic blast loads and its mitigation. The authors present the most up-to-date understanding from laboratory studies and computational analysis for researchers working in the field of blast loadings and their effect on material and structural failure, develop designs for lighter and highly efficient structural members for blast energy absorption, discuss vulnerability of underground structures, present methods for dampening blast overpressures, discuss structural post blast collapse and give attention to underwater explosion and implosion effects on submerged infrastructure and mitigation measures for this environment.

This book presents selected papers from the 2nd Workshop on "Durability of Composites in a Marine Environment", which was held in Brest, France in August 2016. Providing an overview of the state of the art in predicting the long-term durability of composite marine structures, it addresses modelling water diffusion; damage induced by water accelerated testing, including durability in design; in-service experiences; ocean energy; and offshore applications. Ensuring long-term durability is not only necessary for safety reasons, but also determines the economic viability of future marine structures, and as such, the book is essential reading for all those involved with composites in the marine industry, from initial design and calculation through to manufacture and service exploitation. It also provides information unavailable elsewhere on the mechanisms involved in degradation and how to take account of them.

Dynamic Failure of Materials and Structures discusses the topic of dynamic loadings and their effect on material and structural failure. Since dynamic loading problems are very difficult as compared to their static counterpart, very little information is currently available about dynamic behavior of materials and structures. Topics covered include the response of both metallic as well as polymeric composite materials to blast loading and shock loadings, impact loadings and failure of novel materials under more controlled dynamic loads. These include response of soft materials that are important in practical use but have very limited information available on their dynamic response. Dynamic fragmentation, which has re-emerged in recent years has also been included. Both experimental as well as numerical aspects of material and structural response to dynamic loads are discussed.

Written by several key experts in the field, Dynamic Failure of Materials and Structures will appeal to graduate students and researchers studying dynamic loadings within mechanical and civil engineering, as well as in physics and materials science.

This book contains a collection of major research contributions over the last decade in the area of composite materials and sandwich structures supported by the Of?ce of Naval Research (ONR) under the direction of Dr. Yapa D. S. Rajapakse. The Solid Mechanics Research Program at ONR supports research in mechanics of high performancematerialsfortheeffectivedesignofdurableandaffordableNavalstr- tures. Such structures operate in severe environments, and are designed to withstand complex multi-axial loading conditions, including highly dynamic loadings. The - fective design of these structures requires an understanding of the deformation and failure characteristics of structural materials, and the ability to predict and control their performance characteristics. The major focus is on mechanics of composite materials and composite sandwich structures. The program deals with understa- ing and modeling the physical processes involved in the response of glass-?ber and carbon-?ber reinforced composite materials and composite sandwich structures to static, cyclic, and dynamic, multi-axial loading conditions, in severe environments (sea water, moisture, temperature extremes, and hydrostatic pressure). This anthology consists of 30 chapters written by ONR contractors and rec- nized experts in their ?elds and serves as a reference and guide for future research.

This book presents a broad view of the current state of the art regarding the dynamic response of composite and sandwich structures subjected to impacts and explosions. Each chapter combines a thorough assessment of the literature with original contributions made by the authors. The first section deals with fluid-structure interactions in marine structures. The first chapter focuses on hull slamming and particularly cases in which the deformation of the structure affects the motion of the fluid during the water entry of flexible hulls. Chapter 2 presents an extensive series of tests underwater and in the air to determine the effects of explosions on composite and sandwich structures. Full-scale structures were subjected to significant explosive charges, and such results are extremely rare in the open literature. Chapter 3 describes a simple geometrical theory of diffraction for describing the interaction of an underwater blast wave with submerged structures. The second section addresses the problem of impact on laminated composite structures with chapters devoted to ballistic impacts on pre-stressed composite structures, tests developed to simulate dynamic failure in marine structures, damage mechanisms and energy absorption in low velocity impacts, perforation, the numerical simulation of intra and inter-ply damage during impact, and hail impact on laminated composites. Sandwich structures with laminated facings are considered in Section 3 with chapters dealing with the discrete modeling of honeycomb core during the indentation of sandwich structures, the behavior of fold core sandwich structures during impact, and impact on helicopter blades. The fourth section consists of two chapters presenting experimental results and numerical simulation of composite structures subjected to crash. This volume is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and engineers interested and involved in analysis and design of composite structures.

Composites are widely used in marine applications. There is considerable experience of glass reinforced resins in boats and ships but these are usually not highly loaded. However, for new areas such as offshore and ocean energy there is a need for highly loaded structures to survive harsh conditions for 20 years or more. High performance composites are therefore being proposed. This book provides an overview of the state of the art in predicting the long term durability of composite marine structures. The following points are covered: * Modelling water diffusion * Damage induced by water * Accelerated testing * Including durability in design * In-service experience. This is essential reading for all those involved with composites in the marine industry, from initial design and calculation through to manufacture and service exploitation. It also provides information unavailable elsewhere on the mechanisms involved in degradation and how to take account of them. Ensuring long term durability is not only necessary for safety reasons, but will also determine the economic viability of future marine structures.

Composites are widely used in marine applications. There is considerable experience of glass reinforced resins in boats and ships but these are usually not highly loaded. However, for new areas such as offshore and ocean energy there is a need for highly loaded structures to survive harsh conditions for 20 years or more. High performance composites are therefore being proposed. This book provides an overview of the state of the art in predicting the long term durability of composite marine structures. The following points are covered: •       Modelling water diffusion •       Damage induced by water •       Accelerated testing •       Including durability in design •       In-service experience. This is essential reading for all those involved with composites in the marine industry, from initial design and calculation through to manufacture and service exploitation. It also provides information unavailable elsewhere on the mechanisms involved in degradation and how to take account of them. Ensuring long term durability is not only necessary for safety reasons, but will also determine the economic viability of future marine structures.

Preface; List of Contributors; A. COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES: Mechanical and Failure Behavior: Accelerated Testing for Long-Term Durability of Various FRP Laminates for Marine Use, by Y. Miyano and M. Nakada; 2. Carbon Fiber - Vinyl Ester Interfacial Adhesion Improvement by the Use of an Epoxy Coating, by F. Vautard, L. Xu and LT. Drzal; 3. A Physically Based Cumulative Damage Formalism, by R. M. Christensen; 4. Delamination of Composite Cylinders, by P. Davies and L. A. Carlsson; Dynamic Effects: Fiber-Reinforced Composites, by R. C. Batra and N.M. Hassan; 2. Post-Impact Fatigue Behavior of Woven and Knitted Fabric CFRP Laminates for Marine Use, by I. Kimpara and H. Saito; 3. Dynamic Interaction of Multiple Damage Mechanisms in Composite Structures, by R. Massabo; 4. State-of-the-Art in Impulsive Loading of Marine Composites, by M. Porfiri and N. Gupta; B: SANDWICH MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES: Mechanical and Failure Behavior: Failure Modes of Composite Sandwich Beams, by I.M. Daniel and E.E. Gdoutos; 2. Localised Effects in Sandwich Structures with Internal Core Junctions: Modelling and Experimental Characterisation of Load Response, Failure and Fatigue, by M. Johannes and O. T. Thomsen; 3. Damage Tolerance of Naval Sandwich Panels, by D. Zenkert; 4. Size Effect on Fracture of Composite and Sandwich Structures, by E. E. Gdoutos and Z. P. Bazant; 5. Elasticity Solutions for the Buckling of Thick Composite and Sandwich Cylindrical Shells under External Pressure, by G. Kardomateas; 6. An Improved Methodology for Measuring the Interfacial Toughness of Sandwich Beams, by Q. Bing and B. D. Davidson; 7. Structural Performance of Eco-Core Sandwich Panels, by K. Shivakumar and H. Chen; 8. The Use of Neural Networks to Detect Damage in Sandwich Composites, by D. Serrano, F. A. Just-Agosto, B. Shafiq and A. Cecchini; 8. On the Mechanical Behavior of Advanced Composite Material Structures, by J. Vinson; 10. Application of Acoustic Emission Technology to theCharacterization and Damage Monitoring of Advanced Composites, by E. O. Ayorinde; Dynamic Effects: Ballistic Impacts on Composite and Sandwich Structures, by S. Abrate; 2. Performance of Novel Composites and Sandwich Structures under Blast Loading, by A. Shukla, S. A. Tekalur, N. Gardner, M. Jackson and E. Wang; 3. Single and Multisite Impact Response of S2-Glass/Epoxy Balsa Wood Core Sandwich Composites, by L.J. Deka and U. K. Vaidya; 4. Real-time Experimental Investigation on Dynamic Failure of Sandwich Structures and Layered Materials, by L. R. Xu and A.J. Rosakis; 5. Characterization of Fatigue Behavior of Composite Sandwich Structures at Sub-zero Temperatures, by S. M. Soni, R. F. Gibson and E.O. Ayorinde; 6. Impact and Blast Resistance of Sandwich Plates, by G. J. Dvorak, Y. A. Bahei-El-Din and A. P. Suvorov; 7. Modeling Blast and High Velocity Impact of Composite Sandwich Panels, by M. S Hoo Fatt, L. Palla and D. Sirivolu; C. CONSTITUENT MATERIALS: 1. Effect of Nanoparticle Dispersion on Polymer Matrix and their Fiber Nanocomposites, by M.F. Uddin and C.T. Sun; 2. Experimental and Analytical Analysis of Mechanical Response and Deformation Mode Selection in Balsa Wood, by M. Vural and G. Ravichandran; 3. Mechanics of PAN Nanofibers, by I. Chasiotis and M. Naraghi; 4. Characterization of Deformation and Failure Modes of Ordinary and Auxetic Foams at Different Length Scales, by Fu-pen Chiang; 5. Fracture of Brittle Lattice Materials: A Review, by I. Quintana-Alonso and N. A. Fleck; Author Index.

Dynamic Failure of Materials and Structures discusses the topic of dynamic loadings and their effect on material and structural failure. Since dynamic loading problems are very difficult as compared to their static counterpart, very little information is currently available about dynamic behavior of materials and structures. Topics covered include the response of both metallic as well as polymeric composite materials to blast loading and shock loadings, impact loadings and failure of novel materials under more controlled dynamic loads. These include response of soft materials that are important in practical use but have very limited information available on their dynamic response. Dynamic fragmentation, which has re-emerged in recent years has also been included. Both experimental as well as numerical aspects of material and structural response to dynamic loads are discussed. Written by several key experts in the field, Dynamic Failure of Materials and Structures will appeal to graduate students and researchers studying dynamic loadings within mechanical and civil engineering, as well as in physics and materials science.

Explosion Blast Response of Composites contains key information on the effects of explosions, shock waves, and detonation products (e.g. fragments, shrapnel) on the deformation and damage to composites. The book considers the blast response of laminates and sandwich composites, along with blast mitigation of composites (including coating systems and energy absorbing materials). Broken down under the following key themes: Introduction to explosive blast response of composites, Air explosion blast response of composites, Underwater explosion blast response of composites, and High strain rate and dynamic properties of composites, the book deals with an important and contemporary topic due to the extensive use of composites in applications where explosive blasts are an ever-present threat, such as military aircraft, armoured vehicles, naval ships and submarines, body armour, and other defense applications. In addition, the growing use of IEDs and other types of bombs used by terrorists to attack civilian and military targets highlights the need for this book. Many terrorist attacks occur in subways, trains, buses, aircraft, buildings, and other civil infrastructure made of composite materials. Designers, engineers and terrorist experts need the essential information to protect civilians, military personnel, and assets from explosive blasts.

Blast Mitigation: Experimental and Numerical Studies covers both experimental and numerical aspects of material and structural response to dynamic blast loads and its mitigation. The authors present the most up-to-date understanding from laboratory studies and computational analysis for researchers working in the field of blast loadings and their effect on material and structural failure, develop designs for lighter and highly efficient structural members for blast energy absorption, discuss vulnerability of underground structures, present methods for dampening blast overpressures, discuss structural post blast collapse and give attention to underwater explosion and implosion effects on submerged infrastructure and mitigation measures for this environment.