Basic Welsh: A Grammar and Workbook comprises an accessible grammar handbook and related exercises in a single volume. The book presents forty grammar units, covering the core materials which beginning students would expect to encounter in the course of learning Welsh. User-friendly grammar points are followed by multiple examples and exercises which allow students to reinforce and consolidate their learning. Key features include: Clear, accessible format Many relevant and useful examples A wide range of challenging exercises to reinforce learning Concise and jargon-free explanations of grammar Full answer key, glossary of technical terms and Welsh-English, English-Welsh glossary at the back of the book Revised throughout, this updated second edition of Basic Welsh provides the ideal practice book for all beginning students in the language. It is suitable for both class use and independent study.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Basic Arabic: A Grammar and Workbook comprises an accessible reference grammar with related exercises in a single volume. This book presents 51 units, covering the key grammar points which students would expect to encounter in their first year of learning Arabic. Examples and exercises are provided throughout, allowing students to reinforce and consolidate their learning. Key features include: Clear, accessible format Many useful language examples Jargon-free explanations of grammar Abundant exercises with full answer key Subject index Clearly presented and user-friendly, Basic Arabic is an ideal grammar reference and practice resource for both beginners and students with some knowledge of the language. It is suitable for both class use and independent study.

'Arabiyyat al-Naas (Part Three): An Advanced Course in Arabic builds further on the groundbreaking approach used in Part One and Part Two of the series. It integrates Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and spoken Levantine in a way specially tailored to the needs of advanced students. Levantine Arabic strongly features in spoken discussions of MSA materials, reflecting authentic practice by native speakers. However, the overall ratio of MSA - the form employed for reading, writing and formal speaking in the Arab world - to Levantine has been increased, supporting students' mounting need for MSA as they progress further in their education. This textbook is designed to take learners from the Advanced Low to the Advanced High level according to the ACTFL criteria, and from level B2 to C1 on the CEFR proficiency scales. Features include: 18 theme-based units covering topics such as Arab minorities; education; religion; love and marriage; the Arab woman; economics; politics; military matters; and the environment thorough coverage of listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills with clear grammar explanations and lessons structured to provide opportunities for further practice humorous, realistic dialogues reflecting educated speech among Arabs, to build up strong and practical communication skills attention to issues highly relevant to modern Arab society, encouraging active engagement with the course and further exploration of the themes a rich variety of reading passages from contemporary sources such as Al Jazeera as well as excerpts from the classic works One Thousand and One Nights and Kalila wa Dimna an extensive range of stimulating exercises and activities, including crossword puzzles, root-and-pattern identification exercises, passage completions, and free compositions free companion website (www.routledge.com/cw/younes) with the audio tracks, and texts of the listening passages and answer key. Developed by a dynamic author team and tested over a number of years at Cornell University, 'Arabiyyat al-Naas (Part Three) is an essential resource for advanced-level students of Arabic. While primarily designed for classroom use, the accessibility of the course also renders it highly suitable for independent study. This volume is the final installment of a pioneering three-part series of Arabic textbooks which together provide a complete three-year undergraduate language program. Munther Younes and Yomna H. Chami both teach Arabic at Cornell University, USA.

Talk Spanish 2 has already helped thousands of people to improve their Spanish.

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Learning a new language is a fun and challenging feat for students at every level. Perfect for those just starting out or returning to Spanish after time away, "Spanish Essentials For Dummies" focuses on core concepts taught (and tested on ) in a typical introductory Spanish course. From adjectives and adverbs to understanding tenses and asking questions, students will skip the suffering and score high marks at exam time with the help of "Spanish Essentials For Dummies." This guide is also a perfect reference for parents who need to review critical Spanish concepts as they help students with homework assignments, as well as for adult learners headed back to the classroom who just want to be brush up on the core concepts.

"The Essentials For Dummies" Series
Dummies is proud to present our new series, "The Essentials For Dummies." Now students who are prepping for exams, preparing to study new material, or who just need a refresher can have a concise, easy-to-understand review guide that covers an entire course by concentrating solely on the most important concepts. From algebra and chemistry to grammar and Spanish, our expert authors focus on the skills students most need to succeed in a subject.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

With more than 14 million speakers, Shanghainese is the most widespread member of the Wu family of Chinese dialects and the predominant language of the city of Shanghai and the Yangzi River delta. Distinct from and mutually unintelligible with the official Chinese dialect of Mandarin, Shanghainese is experiencing a revival both within Shanghai and throughout central China. Contains 4,000 dictionary entries, and also provides concise grammar and pronunciation sections.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

- Presents a range of engaging texts on controversial and contemporary topics that reflect the current social and political environment in the Middle East: topics inclue the Syrian refugee crisis, the pandemic and economic precarity, and racism - Each module contains a range of authentic journalistic texts that allow students to engage with real-life examples of Arabic - Each unit contains a range of activities, from comprehension questions to translation and creative writing exercises, making it adaptable both to self-study and class-use.

- Presents a range of engaging texts on controversial and contemporary topics that reflect the current social and political environment in the Middle East: topics inclue the Syrian refugee crisis, the pandemic and economic precarity, and racism - Each module contains a range of authentic journalistic texts that allow students to engage with real-life examples of Arabic - Each unit contains a range of activities, from comprehension questions to translation and creative writing exercises, making it adaptable both to self-study and class-use.

The Routledge Intermediate Brazilian Reader is a comprehensive reader aimed at intermediate level students of Brazilian Portuguese. The aim is to provide a structured language teaching resource that is enjoyable and stimulating for learners, but that also provides meaningful cultural contexts. This Brazilian Reader consists of twenty readings graded on the basis of complexity of vocabulary, grammar and syntax. It presents a range of different text types which give a good representation of contemporary Brazilian writing, including fiction and non-fiction by some of Brazil's most prominent and popular authors. Key features include: vocabulary lists for quick reference reading comprehension questions exercises to learn and review important vocabulary focus on idiomatic expressions full answer key to vocabulary and idiom exercises Portuguese-English glossary at the back Suitable for both class use and independent study, The Routledge Intermediate Brazilian Reader is an essential tool for facilitating vocabulary learning and increasing reading proficiency.

Fundamentals of Arabic Grammar provides an authoritative guide to Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) grammar. It has been organised to promote a thorough understanding of MSA grammar and presents its complexities in a cohesive and user-friendly format, filling many gaps left by other textbooks. Explanations are clear, full and accessible and extensive cross-referencing, two generous indices and six appendices provide users with easy access to the information they require. No prior knowledge of linguistic terminology is required. Features include: Expert treatment of a full range of grammar topics and structures, including the case system, Idhaafa, the equational sentence, quantifiers and the vocative, generously spread across thirty eight chapters Special attention to parts of speech, such as nouns, pronouns, adjectives, adverbs and propositions, given at the beginning of the book to acquaint students with the basic units of Arabic and provide a solid foundation for further learning A wide range of contemporary examples drawn from real life to provide solid context to grammar points, further supported by word glosses and idiomatic translations of sentences Grammatical terms given in both Arabic and English A wide variety of supplementary learning resources such as practice sheets, exercises and verb tables available for free download at http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415710046/ Substantial bibliography incorporating primary Arabic grammar sources in addition to secondary sources in Arabic and in English Fundamentals of Arabic Grammar has been field tested over a number of years and has been written by a highly experienced teacher of Arabic. It will be an essential resource for students and teachers of Arabic at all university levels and is suitable for use both as a companion reference text in Arabic language courses and as a standalone text in independent grammar classes.

The Routledge Intermediate Hindi Reader has been specially designed for intermediate and advanced learners of Hindi and comprises a broad selection of graded readings.

The materials have been carefully selected to ensure that students receive exposure to a wide variety of authentic Hindi texts, including news and magazine articles, extracts from social media websites, film dialogues and contemporary Hindi literature.

Each reading is fully supported by:

• pre-reading activities
• notes on cultural references in the text
• a vocabulary list with English translation
• notes on key grammatical points arising from the text
• text-related comprehension questions and vocabulary-based exercises
• suggestions for writing and discussion activities based on the text
• a key to comprehension questions and vocabulary-based exercises
• online support which includes audio recordings and translations of texts, available at http: //www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415601764/

Suitable for both class use and independent study, The Routledge Intermediate Hindi Reader is an essential tool for increasing language proficiency and enriching learners cultural knowledge.

A Grammar of Old English, Volume II: Morphology completes Richard M. Hogg's two-volume analysis of the sounds and grammatical forms of the Old English language. * Incorporates insights derived from the latest theoretical and technological advances, which post-date most Old English grammars * Utilizes the databases of the Toronto Dictionary of Old English project - a digital corpus comprising at least one copy of each text surviving in Old English * Features separation of diachronic and synchronic considerations in the sometimes complicated analysis of Old English noun morphology * Includes extensive bibliographical coverage of Old English morphology

The Routledge Intermediate Polish Reader is designed for intermediate students of Polish and includes a wide range of graded texts. The readings are taken from an assortment of contemporary Polish writing, including extracts from modern literature and articles from magazines and newspapers. The texts have been specifically selected to ensure that students receive maximum exposure to topics relevant to Polish language, history, culture and society, making this Reader an engaging and stimulating resource with a meaningful cultural context. Each reading is fully supported by: a general introduction text-related comprehension questions and extensive vocabulary exercises explanations of any difficult grammar structures encountered in the text a comprehensive glossary at the back of the book detailed cultural-historical notes answer key grammar supplement Suitable for both class use and independent study, The Routledge Intermediate Polish Reader is an essential tool for vocabulary learning and increasing reading proficiency.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.