and Literature Rev iew Chapter 1 1. INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE
REVIEW The exploration for oil and gas in ever increasing water
depths has given an impetus to research efforts on the behaviour of
offshore structures under ocean environment. These structures are
continuously subjected to environmental loading because of waves,
wind and current. A response analysis is required to assess the
safety of offshore structure under severe storm conditions as well
as for estimation of damage caused by less severe but more
frequently occuring sea states. A majority of the reported failures
in the life time of offshore structures are in fact fatigue
failures. The offshore structures are usually built in the form of
welded tubular structures. The joints of these tubular members
experience the fatigue damage mainly due to small defects in
welding which act as crack initiators, high stress concentrations
and the variable loads. The variable loads due to the ocean waves
cause cyclic stress variation in the structural members and the
accumu lated effect of these stresses results in the fatigue
failure."
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