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Books > Humanities > Philosophy > Topics in philosophy > Ethics & moral philosophy
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Self-Constitution - Agency, Identity, and Integrity (Paperback)
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Self-Constitution - Agency, Identity, and Integrity (Paperback)
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Christine M. Korsgaard presents an account of the foundation of
practical reason and moral obligation. Moral philosophy aspires to
understand the fact that human actions, unlike the actions of the
other animals, can be morally good or bad, right or wrong. Few
moral philosophers, however, have exploited the idea that actions
might be morally good or bad in virtue of being good or bad of
their kind - good or bad as actions. Just as we need to know that
it is the function of the heart to pump blood to know that a good
heart is one that pumps blood successfully, so we need to know what
the function of an action is in order to know what counts as a good
or bad action. Drawing on the work of Plato, Aristotle, and Kant,
Korsgaard proposes that the function of an action is to constitute
the agency and therefore the identity of the person who does it. As
rational beings, we are aware of, and therefore in control of, the
principles that govern our actions. A good action is one that
constitutes its agent as the autonomous and efficacious cause of
her own movements. These properties correspond, respectively, to
Kant's two imperatives of practical reason. Conformity to the
categorical imperative renders us autonomous, and conformity to the
hypothetical imperative renders us efficacious. And in determining
what effects we will have in the world, we are at the same time
determining our own identities. Korsgaard develops a theory of
action and of interaction, and of the form interaction must take if
we are to have the integrity that, she argues, is essential for
agency. On the basis of that theory, she argues that only morally
good action can serve the function of action, which is
self-constitution.
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