Qatar, a small peninsular country in the Persian Gulf, emerged as a
partner of the United States in the mid-1990s and currently serves
as host to major U.S. military facilities. Qatar holds the
thirdlargest proven natural gas reserves in the world, and its
small citizenry enjoys the world's highest per capita income. The
emir of Qatar, Shaykh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, has managed a
course of major economic growth and very limited political
liberalization since replacing his father in a bloodless palace
coup in 1995. The emir has undertaken several projects to
capitalize on Qatar's hydrocarbon resources, improve educational
opportunities for Qatari citizens, and pursue economic
diversification. As part of Qatar's liberalization experiment, the
Qatari monarchy founded Al Jazeera, the first all-news Arabic
language satellite television network, in 1995. The network has
proven influential and controversial since its establishment,
including during recent unrest in the Arab world. In an April 2003
referendum, Qatari voters approved a new constitution that
officially granted women the right to vote and run for national
office. Long-delayed elections for two-thirds of the seats in a
national Advisory Council outlined by the new constitution are
planned for 2013. Central Municipal Council elections were held in
May 2011.
General
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