This report contains major- and trace-element concentration data
for soil samples collected from 265 sites along two
continental-scale transects in North America. One of the transects
extends from northern Manitoba to the United States-Mexico border
near El Paso, Tex. and consists of 105 sites. The other transect
approximately follows the 38th parallel from the Pacific coast of
the United States near San Francisco, Calif., to the Atlantic coast
along the Maryland shore and consists of 160 sites. Sampling sites
were defined by first dividing each transect into approximately
40-km segments. For each segment, a 1-km-wide latitudinal strip was
randomly selected; within each strip, a potential sample site was
selected from the most representative landscape within the most
common soil type. At one in four sites, duplicate samples were
collected 10 meters apart to estimate local spatial variability. At
each site, up to four separate soil samples were collected as
follows: (1) material from 0-5 cm depth; (2) O horizon, if present;
(3) a composite of the A horizon; and (4) C horizon. Each sample
collected was analyzed for total major- and trace-element
composition by the following methods: (1) inductively coupled
plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled
plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICPAES) for aluminum,
antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, bismuth, cadmium, calcium,
cerium, cesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, gallium, indium, iron,
lanthanum, lead, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel,
niobium, phosphorus, potassium, rubidium, scandium, silver, sodium,
strontium, sulfur, tellurium, thallium, thorium, tin, titanium,
tungsten, uranium, vanadium, yttrium, and zinc; (2) cold vapor-
atomic absorption spectrometry for mercury; (3) hydride
generation-atomic absorption spectrometry for antimony and
selenium; (4) coulometric titration for carbonate carbon; and (5)
combustion for total carbon and total sulfur.
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