The German theologian David Friedrich Strauss (1808 1874) first
published his highly controversial The Life of Jesus in three
volumes between 1835 and 1836. This translation, by George Eliot,
is based on the fourth German edition (1840). In this work Strauss
applied strict historical methods to the New Testament gospel
narratives and caused scandal across the Protestant world by
concluding that all miraculous elements in the life of Jesus were
mythical and ahistorical. In volume 2 Strauss applies modern
historical criticism to 'de-mythologize' the idea of Jesus as
Messiah; the narratives about the disciples; the discourses in the
Synoptic gospels and the Fourth Gospel; the non-miraculous events;
and the miracles' narratives. This is a key text of
nineteenth-century theology that pioneered the application of
historical and scientific methods to the study of religions and
religious texts. It is essential reading for any student of the New
Testament.
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