China began opening to the outside world in 1978. Based on
extensive research, David Zweig's book focuses on transnational
contacts in tightly regulated areas such as business and higher
education, rural development and investment. The cumulative effect
of these contacts, Zweig asserts, has been a profound shift in the
institutional structures and normative aims of Beijing.
Zweig surveys the extraordinary changes seen in four sectors of
the domestic political economy of contemporary China: the
establishment of development zones, rural joint ventures, the
struggle over foreign aid, and higher education. Finally, he
addresses the crucial question of whether, on balance,
internationalization weakens or strengthens state power.
Zweig believes that internationalization, rather than
globalization, best describes China's opening. While globalization
implies a phenomenon outside government control,
internationalization, which combines increased transnational flows
and decreased regulatory controls, retains the state as a core part
of the analysis. It also recognizes the role played by domestic
demand for international resources. Chinese bureaucrats initially
opposed to the opening recognized the enormous opportunities for
political influence and wealth it represented, and reversed their
positions. Going further, they facilitated and encouraged global
exchanges, undermining the very rules set down by the state. The
result, Zweig finds, has been a more internationalized China than
the leadership anticipated.
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