The NASA John H. Glenn Research Center initiated baseline testing
of ultracapacitors for the Next Generation Launch Transportation
(NGLT) project to obtain empirical data for determining the
feasibility of using ultracapacitors for the project. There are
large transient loads associated with NGLT that require either a
very large primary energy source or an energy storage system. The
primary power source used for these tests is a proton exchange
membrane (PEM) fuel cell. The energy storage system can consist of
devices such as batteries, flywheels, or ultracapacitors.
Ultracapacitors were used for these tests. Ultracapacitors are
ideal for applications such as NGLT where long life,
maintenance-free operation, and excellent low-temperature
performance is essential. State-of-the-art symmetric
ultracapacitors were used for these tests. The ultracapacitors were
interconnected in an innovative configuration to minimize
interconnection impedance. PEM fuel cells provide excellent energy
density, but not good power density. Ultracapacitors provide
excellent power density, but not good energy density. The
combination of PEM fuel cells and ultracapacitors provides a power
source with excellent energy density and power density. The life of
PEM fuel cells is shortened significantly by large transient loads.
Ultracapacitors used in conjunction with PEM fuel cells reduce the
transient loads applied to the fuel cell, and thus appreciably
improves its life. PEM fuel cells were tested with and without
ultracapacitors, to determine the benefits of ultracapacitors. The
report concludes that the implementation of symmetric
ultracapacitors in the NGLT power system can provide significant
improvements in power system performance and reliability.
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