It is a commonplace that pollution knows no borders, and that
environmental law must allow for cross-border implementation. The
European Union specifies this principle in EC directives on
integrated pollution prevention and control (IPPC), on
environmental impact assessment (EIA), and on the control of major
accident hazards involving dangerous substances (Seveso II). This
is the first book to investigate - from both empirical and
normative perspectives - the effectiveness of these directives at
the national level. It provides by far the most extensive
comparative analysis and evaluation of the industrial permitting
and inspections, EIA, and major accident prevention in the EU.
Offering an in-depth study of the transposition and implementation
of EC environmental directives in eight EU member states (Denmark,
France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, and the
United Kingdom), the author - who has played a significant role in
the formulation of environmental legislation and regulation at both
the national (German) and EU levels - provides a stable base for an
assessment of the benefits and costs of the integrated approach to
environmental protection. Among the factors considered are the
following: key features of national constitutional, administrative,
and judicial systems which provide the framework for environmental
regulations and their implementation in the eight countries under
study; procedures and substantive requirements transposing the
IPPC, EIA and Seveso II directives into national laws; and,
evaluation of national deficiencies and the extent of "muddling
through." The empirical part of Dr. Bohne's analysis draws on 138
expert interviews with public and private actors, a survey of 178
public authorities, and document analyses of selected industrial
permits and environmental impact statements. His comparative
analysis of procedural, organizational, and substantive integration
makes it possible to identify and compare national accomplishments
in regulatory integration, and offers new insights into the
effectiveness and limits of EC law. The study concludes with a
discussion of the implications of the findings for European
governance and better regulation after the enlargement of the EU.
This thoroughly researched, rigorous, and insightful study will be
of great interest and value to policymakers, regulators, business
people, environmental NGOs, consultants, and lawyers, as well as to
students of environmental policies and European governance.
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