Does interpersonal political communication improve the quality of
individual decision making? While deliberative theorists offer
reasons for hope, experimental researchers have demonstrated that
biased messages can travel via interpersonal social networks. We
argue that the value of interpersonal political communication
depends on the motivations of the people involved, which can be
shifted by different contexts. Using small-group experiments that
randomly assign participants' motivations to seek or share
information with others as well as their motivations for evaluating
the information they receive, we demonstrate the importance of
accounting for motivations in communication. We find that when
individuals with more extreme preferences are motivated to acquire
and share information, collective civic capacity is diminished. But
if we can stimulate the exchange of information among individuals
with stronger prosocial motivations, such communication can enhance
collective civic capacity. We also provide advice for other
researchers about conducting similar group-based experiments to
study political communication.
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