In the West, the varied body of texts and traditions known as
Tantra for more than two centuries has had the capacity to
scandalise and shock. For European colonisers, Orientalist scholars
and Christian missionaries of the Victorian era, Tantra was
generally seen as the most degenerate and depraved example of the
worst tendencies of the so-called "Indian mind": a pathological
mixture of sensuality and religion that prompted the decline of
modern Hinduism. Yet for most contemporary New Age and popular
writers, Tantra is celebrated as a much-needed affirmation of
physical pleasure and sex: indeed as a "cult of ecstasy" to counter
the perceived hypocritical prudery of many Westerners. In recent
years, Tantra has become the focus of a still larger cultural and
political debate. In the eyes of many Hindus, much of the western
literature on Tantra represents a form of neo-colonialism, which
continues to portray India as an exotic, erotic, hyper-sexualized
Orient. Which, then, is the "real" Tantra? Focusing on one of the
oldest and most important Tantric traditions, based in Assam,
northeast India, Hugh B. Urban shows that Tantra is less about
optimal sexual pleasure than about harnessing the divine power of
the goddess that flows alike through the cosmos, the human body and
political society. In a fresh and vital contribution to the field,
the author suggests that the "real" meaning of Tantra lies in
helping us rethink not just the history of Indian religions, but
also our own modern obsessions with power, sex and the invidious
legacies of cultural imperialism.
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